Hi,
Is there an easy way to replicate the performance of @tturbo but using just base Julia?
The following Julia code might be used if needed for this discussion:
function myminmax(x)
a = b = x[1]
@tturbo for i in 2:length(x)
b = b > x[i] ? b : x[i]
a = a < x[i] ? a : x[i]
end
a, b
end
Thank you
Not easily (you would essentially have to write the threading and unrolled vectorized code yourself).
Thank you. Is there some doc I can read in order to learn how to write unrolled vectorized code?
Unfortunately it isnβt as simple as that so I will recommend two things
The first is a short video talking about what SIMD is and how it looks on julia:
The second is a whole MIT course that goes deep into how these things work:
I recommend both if you are interested, but the course is a bit of a time sink as expected
This should be slightly faster than your version:
function myminmax(x)
a = typemax(eltype(x))
b = typemin(eltype(x))
@tturbo for i in eachindex(x)
b = b > x[i] ? b : x[i]
a = a < x[i] ? a : x[i]
end
a, b
end
Iβm the author of LoopVectorization.jl
It is of course possible to replicate the performance using just Base Julia.
After all, all the packages involved are pure Julia libraries, and they work by generating Julia code (which includes llvmcalls.
But my intention is for it to be extremely difficult to replicate the performance.
Thank you very much @gbaraldi
@Elrod , it would be great if you could share some of your knowledge / tricks and educate me (us) on the topic. Thank you
So is this faster than b = max(b, x[i])?
Edit: Some simple tests indicate that max is significantly faster, though the measurements are quite noisy.
That is a bug. It isnβt unrolling ifelse.
The problem is that LoopVectorization.jl doesnβt do instcombine, so it treats it as a separate comparison and selection when optimizing.
Later, LLVM optimizes them into the same thing, but by then LoopVectorization already made itβs optimization choices.
The rewrite is going to fix this by happening later, after instcombine is able to optimize them into the same operations, so itβd make the same decision in both cases.
I increased the latency of comparison instructions a bit on LoopVectorization main. It still doesnβt make the same decision for both versions, but itβs more similar and IMO pretty reasonable, so it should help.
Those videos may help to start with.
There are also lots of reading materials online that can help, e.g. Algorithms for Modern Hardware - Algorithmica or Agner Fogβs optimization resources Software optimization resources. C++ and assembly. Windows, Linux, BSD, Mac OS X
Itβs a deep comment, so general open ended βhow to write fast codeβ is going to necessarily end up being a book (like linked above); I may write something some day, but for now Iβm still focusing on writing loop compilers or fast code instead of text.
But Iβm happy to answer any specific questions.
@gitboy16, is there a reason you want to learn and re-implement all of the grinding @Elrod has already done? Is there something about LoopVectorization that isnβt working for you right now or something? I have to imagine that would be faster for you to try and discuss specific issues than to try and re-implement a macro like @tturbo.
I played around with various shapes of the loop a bit. Below are the results obtained for the different solutions.
I would have expected a better result for the mM2 function, as (in theory) it makes fewer comparisons than the others.
Even the mM, while making the same comparisons as the myminmax, makes fewer assignments as it avoids the reassignment of b = b and a = a.
julia> using LoopVectorization, BenchmarkTools
julia>
julia> function myminmaxtt(x)
a = b = x[1]
@tturbo for i in eachindex(x)
b = b > x[i] ? b : x[i]
a = a < x[i] ? a : x[i]
end
a, b
end
myminmaxtt (generic function with 1 method)
julia> function myminmax(x)
a = b = x[1]
for i in 2:length(x)
b = b > x[i] ? b : x[i]
a = a < x[i] ? a : x[i]
end
a, b
end
myminmax (generic function with 1 method)
julia> function mM(x)
m= M = x[1]
for e in x
M =max(M,e)
m =min(m,e)
end
m, M
end
mM (generic function with 1 method)
julia> function mM1(x)
m= M = x[1]
for e in x
if e>M
M=e
continue
end
if e<m
m=e
end
end
m, M
end
mM1 (generic function with 1 method)
julia> function mM2(x)
m= M = x[1]
for e in x
if e>M
M=e
elseif e<m
m=e
end
end
m, M
end
mM2 (generic function with 1 method)
julia> v=rand(1:10^5, 10^6)
1000000-element Vector{Int64}:
julia> @btime myminmax(v);
157.200 ΞΌs (1 allocation: 32 bytes)
julia> @btime myminmaxtt(v);
53.300 ΞΌs (1 allocation: 32 bytes)
julia> @btime mM(v)
157.000 ΞΌs (1 allocation: 32 bytes)
(1, 100000)
julia> @btime mM1(v)
695.400 ΞΌs (1 allocation: 32 bytes)
julia> @btime mM2(v)
696.300 ΞΌs (1 allocation: 32 bytes)
(1, 100000)
(1, 100000)
@cgeoga , yes learning is great (at least in my view). Some people might simply like to drive a car (or not) and other prefers to know how the car worksβ¦letβs just say that I like bothβ¦byb6he way I am trying to re-implement anything, just trying to understand what is going under the hood. Usually people who know how a car works tend to know how to drive it better than people who donβtβ¦
Thank you @Elrod . It gives me plenty of materials to read during my holidays 
I think that this is because the calculations being more interdependent inhibits out-of-order execution and auto-vectorization.
BTW, I did what should be a more rigorous comparison with benchmarking between a couple of these different implementations with an interesting result, see my following post.
@Elrod , maybe I can re-formulate my question; assuming you can only use base Julia, how would you re-write myminmax function to be the fastest possible?
I tried comparing a couple of implementations, coming to the conclusion that LoopVectorization actually isnβt very useful for this example: all the non-threaded implementations seem to have the same throughput (except the mapreduce-based implementation, which is slightly slower than the others).
module Minmax
using LoopVectorization
export
myminmax1_tturbo,
myminmax1_turbo,
myminmax1_basic,
myminmax2_tturbo,
myminmax2_turbo,
myminmax2_basic,
myminmax_mapreduce,
se
function myminmax1_tturbo(x)
a = b = first(x)
@tturbo for i in eachindex(x)
e = x[i]
b = ifelse(b > e, b, e)
a = ifelse(a < e, a, e)
end
a, b
end
function myminmax1_turbo(x)
a = b = first(x)
@turbo for i in eachindex(x)
e = x[i]
b = ifelse(b > e, b, e)
a = ifelse(a < e, a, e)
end
a, b
end
function myminmax1_basic(x)
a = b = first(x)
for e in x
b = ifelse(b > e, b, e)
a = ifelse(a < e, a, e)
end
a, b
end
function myminmax2_tturbo(x)
a = b = first(x)
@tturbo for i in eachindex(x)
e = x[i]
b = max(b, e)
a = min(a, e)
end
a, b
end
function myminmax2_turbo(x)
a = b = first(x)
@turbo for i in eachindex(x)
e = x[i]
b = max(b, e)
a = min(a, e)
end
a, b
end
function myminmax2_basic(x)
a = b = first(x)
for e in x
b = max(b, e)
a = min(a, e)
end
a, b
end
f(a) =
(a, a)
g(a, b) =
let (q, w) = a, (e, r) = b
(min(q, e), max(w, r))
end
myminmax_mapreduce(x) =
mapreduce(f, g, x)
se(n) =
rand(1:2^n, 2^(n + 2))
end # module Minmax
[root@aceramd nsajko]# printf '%s' -1 > /proc/sys/kernel/sched_rt_runtime_us # Enable real time scheduling.
[root@aceramd nsajko]# chrt -f 99 /home/nsajko/tmp/julia-df3da0582a/bin/julia -O3 --min-optlevel=3 -g 2 --threads 4 # Start with real time scheduling and four threads.
_
_ _ _(_)_ | Documentation: https://docs.julialang.org
(_) | (_) (_) |
_ _ _| |_ __ _ | Type "?" for help, "]?" for Pkg help.
| | | | | | |/ _` | |
| | |_| | | | (_| | | Version 1.9.0-DEV.1171 (2022-08-23)
_/ |\__'_|_|_|\__'_| | Commit df3da0582a7 (0 days old master)
|__/ |
julia> include("Minmax.jl")
Main.Minmax
julia> using BenchmarkTools, .Minmax
julia> inp = se(6);
julia> myminmax1_tturbo(inp)
(1, 64)
julia> myminmax1_turbo(inp)
(1, 64)
julia> myminmax1_basic(inp)
(1, 64)
julia> myminmax2_tturbo(inp)
(1, 64)
julia> myminmax2_turbo(inp)
(1, 64)
julia> myminmax2_basic(inp)
(1, 64)
julia> myminmax_mapreduce(inp)
(1, 64)
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_tturbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 595 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 862.772 ΞΌs β¦ 1.145 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 997.426 ΞΌs β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 998.703 ΞΌs Β± 40.537 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββ ββ
ββββββββββββββ
ββββββββ
ββββββββββββββββββ
β
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
ββββββββββββ β
863 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.1 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_tturbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 594 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 863.123 ΞΌs β¦ 1.129 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 979.581 ΞΌs β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 979.502 ΞΌs Β± 41.878 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
βββ
β
ββ β
βββββββ
βββββββ
βββββββ
ββββββββββββββββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
863 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.08 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_turbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 1029 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 919.319 ΞΌs β¦ 1.382 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.081 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.082 ms Β± 29.876 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
βββββββ
βββ
ββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
919 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.17 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_turbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 1031 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 828.248 ΞΌs β¦ 1.321 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.079 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.080 ms Β± 28.116 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββββββ
β
ββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
828 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.16 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_basic(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 1032 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 887.068 ΞΌs β¦ 1.291 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.072 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.073 ms Β± 27.482 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
β
ββββββββ
ββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
887 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.15 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_basic(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 1032 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 828.277 ΞΌs β¦ 1.336 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.072 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.073 ms Β± 30.028 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββββββββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββββββββ
βββββββββ β
828 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.16 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_tturbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 595 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 747.014 ΞΌs β¦ 1.169 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 992.245 ΞΌs β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 989.631 ΞΌs Β± 41.371 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββββββββ
βββ
ββββββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
β
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ββββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
747 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.07 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_tturbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 576 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 812.738 ΞΌs β¦ 1.111 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 997.535 ΞΌs β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 996.026 ΞΌs Β± 41.331 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
βββββββββββββββββββββββββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
ββββ β
813 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.08 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_turbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 976 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 895.303 ΞΌs β¦ 1.279 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.087 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.096 ms Β± 35.680 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
βββββββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
ββββ
β
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βββββββββ β
895 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.2 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_turbo(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 981 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 841.272 ΞΌs β¦ 1.302 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.069 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.079 ms Β± 37.738 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββ
βββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββββββββββ β
841 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.18 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_basic(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 980 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 950.176 ΞΌs β¦ 1.286 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.070 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.082 ms Β± 38.737 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββ
β
βββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
β
ββββββββββ β
950 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.19 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_basic(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 978 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 819.450 ΞΌs β¦ 1.285 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.073 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.084 ms Β± 42.823 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
β
βββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββ
ββββββββββ β
819 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.21 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax_mapreduce(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 977 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 850.108 ΞΌs β¦ 1.292 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.088 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.099 ms Β± 38.489 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
βββββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββββ
ββββββ β
850 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.2 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax_mapreduce(i) setup = (i = se(18))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 977 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 924.488 ΞΌs β¦ 1.435 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 1.089 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 1.099 ms Β± 37.189 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
β
β
βββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
924 ΞΌs Histogram: frequency by time 1.2 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_tturbo(i) setup = (i = se(20))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 144 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 2.571 ms β¦ 2.918 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 2.781 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 2.779 ms Β± 30.961 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
β ββββββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββ β
2.57 ms Histogram: frequency by time 2.84 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_turbo(i) setup = (i = se(20))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 205 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 2.490 ms β¦ 3.179 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 2.645 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 2.648 ms Β± 59.019 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
β βββ
βββ
βββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
2.49 ms Histogram: frequency by time 2.82 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax1_basic(i) setup = (i = se(20))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 205 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 2.355 ms β¦ 3.367 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 2.629 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 2.629 ms Β± 59.624 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
ββββββββββββββββββ β
2.36 ms Histogram: frequency by time 2.71 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_tturbo(i) setup = (i = se(20))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 144 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 2.435 ms β¦ 3.182 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 2.780 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 2.774 ms Β± 60.085 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
βββββββββββββββββββββββββ β
2.43 ms Histogram: frequency by time 3.02 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_turbo(i) setup = (i = se(20))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 205 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 2.426 ms β¦ 2.933 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 2.627 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 2.628 ms Β± 35.231 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
ββ
βββββ
β
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
β
βββββββββββββββ β
2.43 ms Histogram: frequency by time 2.75 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax2_basic(i) setup = (i = se(20))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 205 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 2.497 ms β¦ 2.743 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 2.627 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 2.626 ms Β± 24.625 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
β β ββ
βββββββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
β
ββββ
βββββββββββββ
β
βββββββ β
2.5 ms Histogram: frequency by time 2.67 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
julia> @benchmark myminmax_mapreduce(i) setup = (i = se(20))
BenchmarkTools.Trial: 204 samples with 1 evaluation.
Range (min β¦ max): 2.342 ms β¦ 2.939 ms β GC (min β¦ max): 0.00% β¦ 0.00%
Time (median): 2.671 ms β GC (median): 0.00%
Time (mean Β± Ο): 2.667 ms Β± 38.347 ΞΌs β GC (mean Β± Ο): 0.00% Β± 0.00%
β ββββ
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
ββββββ β
2.34 ms Histogram: frequency by time 2.74 ms <
Memory estimate: 0 bytes, allocs estimate: 0.
Summary of the timings:
median timings for smaller input:
median timings for bigger input:
Interestingly, it seems the threaded implementations are slower for longer input vectors?
NB: I ran Julia as a real time root process on Linux for greater benchmarking accuracy. Also, I ran this on a laptop, with the charger plugged in. Pretty sure that charging improves performance. Finally, the CPU is an AMD Ryzen 3.
PS: Iβm working on a package which should enable nicer analysis and visualization of multi-way microbenchmark-based comparisons like this one.
PPS: the myminmax_vmapreduce implementation is missing because of this: https://github.com/JuliaSIMD/LoopVectorization.jl/issues/423
Just one small additional note: my above post seems to show that LoopVectorization doesnβt provide significant benefit over base Julia for the myminmax problem (although itβs a very simple problem). However, thereβs also a downside to LoopVectorization: much worse effect inference:
julia> Base.infer_effects(myminmax1_tturbo, (Vector{Int},))
(!c,!e,!n,!t,!s,!m)β²
julia> Base.infer_effects(myminmax1_turbo, (Vector{Int},))
(!c,!e,!n,!t,!s,!m)β²
julia> Base.infer_effects(myminmax1_basic, (Vector{Int},))
(!c,+e,!n,!t,+s,?m)
julia> Base.infer_effects(myminmax2_tturbo, (Vector{Int},))
(!c,!e,!n,!t,!s,!m)β²
julia> Base.infer_effects(myminmax2_turbo, (Vector{Int},))
(!c,!e,!n,!t,!s,!m)β²
julia> Base.infer_effects(myminmax2_basic, (Vector{Int},))
(!c,+e,!n,!t,+s,?m)
julia> Base.infer_effects(myminmax_mapreduce, (Vector{Int},))
(!c,+e,!n,!t,+s,?m)