Thanks @t-bltg! SixelTerm.jl built using Sixels.jl works perfectly for me. It displays CairoMakie figures in the terminal directly. Because X11 forwarding was not working properly for GLMakie, I had to rely on UnicodePlots.jl to display the results calculated on a remote Linux cluster, but now I can use CairoMakie.jl and SixelTerm.jl.
Here is a screen capture showing how it works:
