I think MATLAB’s workspaces are so particular, it’s better to just say they’re different from modules. This discrepancy isn’t by accident, MATLAB’s workspaces in part make some interactive practices like clearing much more feasible, though it’s worth reminding that MATLAB documentation discourages large clears. As I’ve written before, we can’t delete global variables without really bad consequences, for the same reason that MATLAB protects global variables into a separate global workspace away from the script’s base workspace.
There’s merit to seeking parallels between MATLAB and Julia functionality, but I think there is also merit to learning a language on its own terms enough to readily identify the reasons a feature is absent. This is just tougher when the languages have more fundamental differences, and MATLAB does many things differently from even other interactive high-level languages, with the exception of its clone Octave.