Cannot use "Plots" and "PyPlot" on my old Mac

New to Julia
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1

Hi,

I am currently reading Statistics with Julia and quite enjoy it. In the birthday paradox section of second chapter, the following code is listed to illustrate the paradox with the use of Plots and pyplot(). So I typed it into VS Code with Julia plug-in installed.

using StatsBase, Combinatorics, Plots ; pyplot()

matchExists1(n) = 1 - prod([k/365 for k in 365:-1:365-n+1])
matchExists2(n) = 1 - factorial(365, 465 - big(n)) / 365^big(n)

function bdEvent(n)
    birthdays = rand(1:365, n)
    dayCounts = counts(birthdays, 1:365)
    return maximum(dayCounts) > 1
end

probEst(n) = sum([bdEvent(n) for _ in 1:N]) / N

xGrid = 1:50
analyticSolution1 = [matchExists1(n) for n in xGrid]
analyticSolution2 = [matchExists2(n) for n in xGrid]
println("Maximum error: $(maximum(abs.(analyticSolution1 - analyticSolution2)))")

N = 10^3
mcEstimates = [probEst(n) for n in xGrid]

plot(xGrid, analyticSolution1, c=:blue, label="Analytic solution")
scatter!(xGrid, mcEstimates, c=:red, ms=6, msw=0, shape=:xcross,
         label="MC estimate", xlims=(0,50), ylims=(0, 1),
         xlabel="Number of people in room",
         ylabel="Probability of birthday match",
         legend=:topleft)

However, as I ran the code above, it displayed:

[ Info: Precompiling PyPlot [d330b81b-6aea-500a-939a-2ce795aea3ee]
ERROR: LoadError: PyCall not properly installed. Please run Pkg.build("PyCall")
Stacktrace:
 [1] error(s::String)
   @ Base ./error.jl:35
 [2] top-level scope
   @ ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/src/startup.jl:44
 [3] include(mod::Module, _path::String)
   @ Base ./Base.jl:419
 [4] include(x::String)
   @ PyCall ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/src/PyCall.jl:1
 [5] top-level scope
   @ ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/src/PyCall.jl:38
 [6] include
   @ ./Base.jl:419 [inlined]
 [7] include_package_for_output(pkg::Base.PkgId, input::String, depot_path::Vector{String}, dl_load_path::Vector{String}, load_path::Vector{String}, concrete_deps::Vector{Pair{Base.PkgId, UInt64}}, source::String)
   @ Base ./loading.jl:1554
 [8] top-level scope
   @ stdin:1
in expression starting at /Users/Latisp/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/src/startup.jl:41
in expression starting at /Users/Latisp/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/src/PyCall.jl:1
in expression starting at stdin:1
ERROR: LoadError: Failed to precompile PyCall [438e738f-606a-5dbb-bf0a-cddfbfd45ab0] to /Users/Latisp/.julia/compiled/v1.8/PyCall/jl_pUZTkL.
Stacktrace:
  [1] error(s::String)
    @ Base ./error.jl:35
  [2] compilecache(pkg::Base.PkgId, path::String, internal_stderr::IO, internal_stdout::IO, keep_loaded_modules::Bool)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1705
  [3] compilecache
    @ ./loading.jl:1649 [inlined]
  [4] _require(pkg::Base.PkgId)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1337
  [5] _require_prelocked(uuidkey::Base.PkgId)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1200
  [6] macro expansion
    @ ./loading.jl:1180 [inlined]
  [7] macro expansion
    @ ./lock.jl:223 [inlined]
  [8] require(into::Module, mod::Symbol)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1144
  [9] include
    @ ./Base.jl:419 [inlined]
 [10] include_package_for_output(pkg::Base.PkgId, input::String, depot_path::Vector{String}, dl_load_path::Vector{String}, load_path::Vector{String}, concrete_deps::Vector{Pair{Base.PkgId, UInt64}}, source::String)
    @ Base ./loading.jl:1554
 [11] top-level scope
    @ stdin:1
in expression starting at /Users/Latisp/.julia/packages/PyPlot/NsAWt/src/PyPlot.jl:2
in expression starting at stdin:1
ERROR: Failed to precompile PyPlot [d330b81b-6aea-500a-939a-2ce795aea3ee] to /Users/Latisp/.julia/compiled/v1.8/PyPlot/jl_uWRUKz.
Stacktrace:
 [1] error(s::String)
   @ Base ./error.jl:35
 [2] compilecache(pkg::Base.PkgId, path::String, internal_stderr::IO, internal_stdout::IO, keep_loaded_modules::Bool)
   @ Base ./loading.jl:1705
 [3] compilecache
   @ ./loading.jl:1649 [inlined]
 [4] _require(pkg::Base.PkgId)
   @ Base ./loading.jl:1337
 [5] _require_prelocked(uuidkey::Base.PkgId)
   @ Base ./loading.jl:1200
 [6] macro expansion
   @ ./loading.jl:1180 [inlined]
 [7] macro expansion
   @ ./lock.jl:223 [inlined]
 [8] require(into::Module, mod::Symbol)
   @ Base ./loading.jl:1144
 [9] top-level scope
   @ ~/.julia/packages/Plots/FCUr0/src/backends.jl:679

After which I ran Pkg.build("PyCall"):

julia> Pkg.build("PyCall")
    Building Conda ─→ `~/.julia/scratchspaces/44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f/6e47d11ea2776bc5627421d59cdcc1296c058071/build.log`
    Building PyCall → `~/.julia/scratchspaces/44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f/53b8b07b721b77144a0fbbbc2675222ebf40a02d/build.log`
ERROR: Error building `PyCall`: 
┌ Info: Using the Python distribution in the Conda package by default.
└ To use a different Python version, set ENV["PYTHON"]="pythoncommand" and re-run Pkg.build("PyCall").
[ Info: Downloading miniconda installer ...
ERROR: LoadError: SSL connection timeout while requesting https://github.com/conda-forge/miniforge/releases/latest/download/Miniforge3-MacOSX-x86_64.sh
Stacktrace:
  [1] (::Downloads.var"#9#18"{IOStream, Base.DevNull, Nothing, Vector{Pair{String, String}}, Float64, Nothing, Bool, Nothing, Bool, String, Bool, Bool})(easy::Downloads.Curl.Easy)
    @ Downloads /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:387
  [2] with_handle(f::Downloads.var"#9#18"{IOStream, Base.DevNull, Nothing, Vector{Pair{String, String}}, Float64, Nothing, Bool, Nothing, Bool, String, Bool, Bool}, handle::Downloads.Curl.Easy)
    @ Downloads.Curl /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Curl/Curl.jl:88
  [3] #8
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:328 [inlined]
  [4] arg_write(f::Downloads.var"#8#17"{Base.DevNull, Nothing, Vector{Pair{String, String}}, Float64, Nothing, Bool, Nothing, Bool, String, Bool, Bool}, arg::IOStream)
    @ ArgTools /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:134
  [5] #7
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:327 [inlined]
  [6] arg_read
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:76 [inlined]
  [7] request(url::String; input::Nothing, output::IOStream, method::Nothing, headers::Vector{Pair{String, String}}, timeout::Float64, progress::Nothing, verbose::Bool, debug::Nothing, throw::Bool, downloader::Nothing)
    @ Downloads /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:326
  [8] #3
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:231 [inlined]
  [9] open(f::Downloads.var"#3#4"{Nothing, Vector{Pair{String, String}}, Float64, Nothing, Bool, Nothing, Nothing, String}, args::String; kwargs::Base.Pairs{Symbol, Bool, Tuple{Symbol, Symbol}, NamedTuple{(:write, :lock), Tuple{Bool, Bool}}})
    @ Base ./io.jl:384
 [10] #open_nolock#1
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:35 [inlined]
 [11] arg_write(f::Function, arg::String)
    @ ArgTools /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:103
 [12] #download#2
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:230 [inlined]
 [13] download
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:219 [inlined]
 [14] _install_conda(env::String, force::Bool)
    @ Conda ~/.julia/packages/Conda/x2UxR/src/Conda.jl:201
 [15] _install_conda(env::String)
    @ Conda ~/.julia/packages/Conda/x2UxR/src/Conda.jl:191
 [16] runconda(args::Cmd, env::String)
    @ Conda ~/.julia/packages/Conda/x2UxR/src/Conda.jl:126
 [17] add(pkg::String, env::String; channel::String)
    @ Conda ~/.julia/packages/Conda/x2UxR/src/Conda.jl:222
 [18] add (repeats 2 times)
    @ ~/.julia/packages/Conda/x2UxR/src/Conda.jl:220 [inlined]
 [19] top-level scope
    @ ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/deps/build.jl:79
 [20] include(fname::String)
    @ Base.MainInclude ./client.jl:476
 [21] top-level scope
    @ none:5
in expression starting at /Users/Latisp/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/deps/build.jl:43
Stacktrace:
  [1] pkgerror(msg::String)
    @ Pkg.Types /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Types.jl:67
  [2] (::Pkg.Operations.var"#66#73"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String})()
    @ Pkg.Operations /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1060
  [3] withenv(::Pkg.Operations.var"#66#73"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, ::Pair{String, String}, ::Vararg{Pair{String}})
    @ Base ./env.jl:172
  [4] (::Pkg.Operations.var"#107#112"{String, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#66#73"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec})()
    @ Pkg.Operations /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1619
  [5] with_temp_env(fn::Pkg.Operations.var"#107#112"{String, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#66#73"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec}, temp_env::String)
    @ Pkg.Operations /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1493
  [6] (::Pkg.Operations.var"#105#110"{Dict{String, Any}, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#66#73"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.Context, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String, Pkg.Types.Project, String})(tmp::String)
    @ Pkg.Operations /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1582
  [7] mktempdir(fn::Pkg.Operations.var"#105#110"{Dict{String, Any}, Bool, Bool, Bool, Pkg.Operations.var"#66#73"{Bool, Pkg.Types.Context, String, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String}, Pkg.Types.Context, Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, String, Pkg.Types.Project, String}, parent::String; prefix::String)
    @ Base.Filesystem ./file.jl:764
  [8] mktempdir(fn::Function, parent::String) (repeats 2 times)
    @ Base.Filesystem ./file.jl:760
  [9] sandbox(fn::Function, ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, target::Pkg.Types.PackageSpec, target_path::String, sandbox_path::String, sandbox_project_override::Pkg.Types.Project; preferences::Dict{String, Any}, force_latest_compatible_version::Bool, allow_earlier_backwards_compatible_versions::Bool, allow_reresolve::Bool)
    @ Pkg.Operations /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1540
 [10] build_versions(ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, uuids::Set{Base.UUID}; verbose::Bool)
    @ Pkg.Operations /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:1041
 [11] build(ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, uuids::Set{Base.UUID}, verbose::Bool)
    @ Pkg.Operations /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/Operations.jl:898
 [12] build(ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, pkgs::Vector{Pkg.Types.PackageSpec}; verbose::Bool, kwargs::Base.Pairs{Symbol, Base.TTY, Tuple{Symbol}, NamedTuple{(:io,), Tuple{Base.TTY}}})
    @ Pkg.API /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/API.jl:1024
 [13] build(pkgs::Vector{Pkg.Types.PackageSpec}; io::Base.TTY, kwargs::Base.Pairs{Symbol, Union{}, Tuple{}, NamedTuple{(), Tuple{}}})
    @ Pkg.API /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/API.jl:156
 [14] build(pkgs::Vector{Pkg.Types.PackageSpec})
    @ Pkg.API /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/API.jl:145
 [15] #build#99
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/API.jl:144 [inlined]
 [16] build
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/API.jl:144 [inlined]
 [17] #build#98
    @ /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/API.jl:143 [inlined]
 [18] build(pkg::String)
    @ Pkg.API /Applications/Julia-1.8.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/stdlib/v1.8/Pkg/src/API.jl:143
 [19] top-level scope
    @ REPL[7]:1

The issue is still present. I do not have Conda installed, so I was wondering that what caused it?

Thank you.

2

The core issue is

which indicates some kind of network issue. Are you able to access Github on your browser, for eg. the repository mentioned in the error?

3

Thank you for your advice. I solved this issue by using an proxy, however, there is this error when I want to run the code again (I have matplotlib installed on my machine):

ERROR: ArgumentError: hasproperty of NULL PyObject
Stacktrace:
 [1] pyhasproperty(o::PyCall.PyObject, s::String)
   @ PyCall ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/src/PyCall.jl:371
 [2] hasproperty
   @ ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/ygXW2/src/PyCall.jl:377 [inlined]
 [3] ioff(; kws::Base.Pairs{Symbol, Union{}, Tuple{}, NamedTuple{(), Tuple{}}})
   @ PyPlot ~/.julia/packages/PyPlot/NsAWt/src/PyPlot.jl:191
 [4] ioff()
   @ PyPlot ~/.julia/packages/PyPlot/NsAWt/src/PyPlot.jl:190
 [5] top-level scope
   @ ~/.julia/packages/Plots/FCUr0/src/backends.jl:684
4

After using a proxy, I assume you ran a Pkg.build("PyCall") already. Could you also try running a Pkg.precompile() and then try the code? Since the precompilation of PyPlot got interrupted due to the PyCall error the last time.

1 Like
5

Thank you. It works now!