will not be allowed, because LHS is 1-dimensional (DataFrameRow), and RHS is 2-dimensional (DataFrame).
In the 0.20 release of DataFrames.jl you will be able to put any iterable object to a DataFrameRow via setindex!. For now, what you can do is use broadcasting assignment:
Writing on behalf of @bkamins, as he has no Internet access now.
After the analysis (he was using a development branch in tests of your code). The code
df[1,2:3] = DataFrame([5 10])
should not be used (it is deprecated), but it should work correctly on 0.19 version. The reason why it fails is a bug in deprecation code. He will submit a PR to fix this.
See https://github.com/JuliaData/DataFrames.jl/pull/1928. You can use the fix I have used there already now if you really need to use 1-row DataFrame on RHS (but I would not recommend doing this as the support for this will be soon removed).