This seems to be a regression. To be honest, the filtering behavior of Cairo is a bit weird, you get inconsistent results between bitmap and vector backends. It seems that currently FILTER_BEST is set for bitmap backends, but this doesn’t actually blur anything and looks like FILTER_NEAREST (your example). FILTER_BILINEAR seems to blur in both vector and bitmap backends. But FILTER_NEAREST does blur in vector backends. (That’s due to pdf/svg renderer implementations though). So I think the value should be reset to FILTER_BILINEAR for interpolation.
I think that’s only done in the Makie internals, but it should work by default now after this fix. At least the code in the top post works for me know.