LoadError: MethodError: no method matching abs2(::Expression)

General Usage
1

I am new to Julia. My collaborators sent me some code that do run for them but I cannot run it myself. We cannot figure out what is wrong since the code does run for them. I tried two different computers, and versions 1.6 and 1.7 of Julia. The code is a bit intricate so I am not sure how to make a minimal example. But it seems that the culprit line is

if rank(A₀) == r

The error is the following. Any help with this would be greatly appreciated.

LoadError: MethodError: no method matching abs2(::Expression)
Closest candidates are:
abs2(!Matched::Complex) at /Applications/Julia-1.7.app/Contents/Resources/julia/share/julia/base/complex.jl:278
abs2(!Matched::Static.StaticBool) at ~/.julia/packages/Static/pkxBE/src/bool.jl:69
abs2(!Matched::ForwardDiff.Dual{T}) where T at ~/.julia/packages/ForwardDiff/PBzup/src/dual.jl:206

2

It’s difficult to help you debug without a full example. Can you post the full stack trace, and the offending line?

What is the type of A₀ in your example (try printing the type so you’re sure)

3

Thanks for the fast response.

A₀ is a big matrix. I am not sure how to print it all, below are the outputs of A₀, print(A₀), I am not sure how to print the type but in Atom it displays 10x36 Matrix{Expression}

The error appears when I try rank(A₀)

A₀
10×36 Matrix{Expression}:
(-0.0227219578001591 - 0.422480016844678*im)1.0 … (0.158404212254316 - 0.470760064446835im)1.0
(-0.363230448627778 + 0.277625110054317im)1.0 (-0.177775524911789 + 0.186951062950722im)1.0
(-0.483238575498125 - 0.00607155350001037im)1.0 (-0.687096897759273 - 0.322417209262124im)1.0
⋮ ⋱ ⋮
(-0.83688965473742 - 0.499633148239493im)1.0 (-0.362096353058375 - 0.252304962789763im)1.0
(1.00305591603545 - 0.434262337115269im)1.0 (0.700077748231447 + 0.135574684601314im)1.0
(-0.648212889465812 - 0.343300997789296im)1.0 (-0.634113264140921 - 0.0286188119942764im)*1.0

print(A₀)
Expression[(-0.0227219578001591 - 0.422480016844678*im)1.0 (-0.176805162919808 - 1.36909745038936im)1.0 0 (-0.113759291416685 - 0.419212807603875im)1.0 (0.43502278525862 - 0.972608834668064im)1.0 0 (-0.0552282999978272 - 0.345988213733287im)1.0 (1.9079232146038 - 2.15604362519947im)1.0 (0.191806822356972 - 0.479683035131056im)1.0 (-0.372059920873352 - 0.50799199183766im)1.0 (0.059353612201793 - 0.552056938517865im)1.0 (-0.225445831384135 - 0.704313668488489im)1.0 0 (-1.45419103991986 - 0.364794070923291im)1.0 (0.0491805414991188 - 0.335697205685168im)1.0 0 (-0.480623923478617 - 0.623347374504752im)1.0 (0.120764995264585 - 0.450116256876092im)1.0 (0.05478935500661 - 0.512616575822483im)1.0 (-0.283250301669295 - 0.76478481257285im)1.0 (0.121285074429568 - 0.439463772987406im)1.0 (-0.510082157601875 - 0.612230472052037im)1.0 (-0.0515544660577659 - 0.439248258414057im)1.0 (0.0630546052799014 - 1.19731114157226im)1.0 (-0.958374493302907 - 1.34970982591049im)1.0 (0.0193954201002144 - 0.385719823540889im)1.0 (-0.0501534501086554 - 0.62481471412048im)1.0 (-0.0414027295937509 - 0.66932500547456im)1.0 (-0.00141027557620835 + 0.203232408443796im)1.0 (-0.00289881943057545 - 0.124951281180294im)1.0 (0.0443031446640856 - 0.432314307581997im)1.0 (-0.547562267104361 - 0.951564265587703im)1.0 (0.0125107037079468 - 0.153032174070393im)1.0 (-0.0614612149875904 + 0.279516114714835im)1.0 (-0.407943598452084 - 0.554032299152744im)1.0 (0.158404212254316 - 0.470760064446835im)1.0; 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4

Why is your matrix of type Expression? It looks like it only contains complex numbers.

You can try converting it, but I don’t know where the Expression type is from.
This command should show the module where the Expression type is defined:

@which Expression

You can print the type by typeof(A₀) or eltype(A₀).

5

Here are the outputs

@which Expression
HomotopyContinuation.ModelKit

typeof(A₀)
Matrix{Expression} (alias for Array{Expression, 2})

eltype(A₀)
Expression

6

Going back to the original issue, it’s likely that you’re missing a package that has the right abs2 defined, that they have. Did they also send a Project.toml, and did you instantiate it? Can you check Pkg.status on their environment and yours, and see what differs?

2 Likes
7

It looks like there is a to_number function HomotopyContinuation.ModelKit.to_number . But if the code works for others, that means something is missing here, and this would likely be just a band-aid solution. You can still try it (rank(to_number.(A₀))) and see how that changes things.

8

@digital_carver: this worked!

Actually, it kind of did not. I can compute the rank when I go line by line, but in the original code this is inside some for loops and it breaks again

9

No toml file, but I will ask about Pkg.status

10

I used the same patch in other instances where rank appeared and now the computation is going. Thanks a lot.

11

Still, best would be to also have their .toml file. That should make it possible to have a reproducible environment (same packages).