Learning resources:
These are two really solid resources for learning some of the fundamentals. Based on the kind of work you describe, I would also recommend that you have a look at the following packages:
- CSV
- DataFrames
- DataFramesMeta
- DataVoyager
- JuliaDB
- JuliaDBMeta
- Plots
- Queryverse (this is a whole suite of data analytics packages)
- StatsPlots
I would also read the documentation for distributed/parallel computing in Julia. Aside from the official Julia manual itself, there are several blog post type resources online that show the basics of distributed/parallel computing and one of the courses on JuliaAcademy is on parallel computing.
These resources alone should get you off and running and beyond the point of needing a book/additional courses, at least for the kind of work you describe above.