Vscode 'send to active terminal' for persistence and access to scheduler-controlled HPC nodes?

We’ve solved that problem differently. You can connect to an arbitrary REPL process with Julia: Connect External REPL; afterwards, all code will be evaluated there.

For your specific use case, check out the julia.persistentSession.enabled setting, which allows the extension to manage its own tmux session for your Julia REPL without any interaction on your part (which may or may not work in your case).