# Using optim.jl ( optimization ) - like fminsearch in matlab

**URL:** <https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709>\
**Category:** Optimization (Mathematical)\
**Tags:** optim\
**Created:** [October 26, 2017, 8:02pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709 "2017-10-26T20:02:21Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 20\
**Page:** 1

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 26, 2017, 8:02pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/1 "2017-10-26T20:02:21Z")

</div>

Hello … it is possible to use optim to solve this ?

R = [0.5 1 2 3] # so for each R I have one S  
S = [1 2 3 4]

SS(R) = quadgk(a-\> R\*(a^2) \* x[1] + R\*\*a\* x[2] ,0,Inf)

for which x[1] and x[2] i have SS = S ??? or [SS - S] → 0 ( minimization )

i have a code using neldermead … but does not work, the coefficients that i found is wrong ! matlab fminsearch find ok, but take days to evaluate …

any ideas or different methods ??

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![mzaffalon](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/mzaffalon/32/214168_2.png) [@mzaffalon](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mzaffalon)\
**Post date:** [October 26, 2017, 8:39pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/2 "2017-10-26T20:39:40Z")

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`R**a` is not a valid Julia expression: what is the exact integrand?

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 1:36am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/3 "2017-10-27T01:36:09Z")

</div>

SS = quadgk(a-\> R\*(a^2) \* x[1] + R \*a \* x[2] ,0,Inf)

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 1:37am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/4 "2017-10-27T01:37:32Z")

</div>

it is a simple example … i want only to know the correct code for do that using optim.jl … neldermead.jl is not working … if i know this example, i can apply to my system … and a want to know if you know other better method to do that

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![ChrisRackauckas](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/chrisrackauckas/32/77_2.png) [@ChrisRackauckas](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/ChrisRackauckas)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 1:57am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/5 "2017-10-27T01:57:52Z")

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What do you mean it’s not working? Is it finding a minimum but the wrong one?

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![mzaffalon](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/mzaffalon/32/214168_2.png) [@mzaffalon](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mzaffalon)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 3:59am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/6 "2017-10-27T03:59:57Z")

</div>

The indefinite integral can be solved analytically and the primitive is

R\left(\frac{a^3}{3}x\_1 + \frac{a^2}{2}x\_2\right)

Once you plug in the limits of integration, you only get trivial results for `SS`, either 0 or \pm\infty according to the values of `x`, since `R` is always non-zero. If MATLAB finds any solution, it must be wrong too.

Please test your algorithm on a reasonable integral.

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![jonathanBieler](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/j/82dd89/32.png) [@jonathanBieler](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jonathanBieler)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 7:47am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/7 "2017-10-27T07:47:59Z")

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For Optim you can use it like that, it works very well, but keep in mind that Nelder–Mead is a local optimizer, so if you have several minima chances are you won’t find the correct one.

```julia
julia> optimize(x->sum(x^2 for x in x),ones(3),NelderMead(),Optim.Options(g_tol=1e-32)).minimizer
3-element Array{Float64,1}:
 -1.07756e-16
 -6.23653e-17
  5.00458e-17

```

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![fredrikekre](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/fredrikekre/32/1688_2.png) [@fredrikekre](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/fredrikekre)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 10:08am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/8 "2017-10-27T10:08:27Z")

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Please don’t double post, or if you do, then at least link to the other discussion. [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46966293/using-neldermead-jl-or-optim-which-is-the-best-for-minimize-julia](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46966293/using-neldermead-jl-or-optim-which-is-the-best-for-minimize-julia)

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 2:48pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/9 "2017-10-27T14:48:38Z")

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my main program is: ( only the important part ) — can you show me the imput to use optim.jl ??

> aRe = [1.28; 1.47; 1.65; 1.94; 2.25; 2.39; 2.68; 2.91; 3.13; 3.75; 4.46]  
> aΩ11e = [2.52; 2.26; 2.07; 1.92; 1.90; 2.08; 2.31; 2.53; 2.68; 2.51; 2.27]
> 
> function dΩ11(x,g,sigma,T)  
> R = 0.388/sigma

```
α = x[3] 
ϕ = 0.9*(1-1/(1+(R/x[1])^x[2]))
θ = ϕ*exp(-x[3]*g^2/T)
γ = x[4] 
g^5*θ*Qb(g,α)*exp(-g^2/T) + g^5*(1-θ)*γ*Qa(g)*exp(-g^2/T) +
g^5*(1-θ)*(1-γ)*Qc(g)*exp(-g^2/T)
end

```

> Ω11(x,sigma,T) = 1/T^3\*quadgk(g-\> dΩ11(x,g,sigma,T) ,0 , 10, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> 
> function X2(x)  
> aΩ11 = zeros( lenR )  
> for i in lenR  
> aΩ11[i] = afΩ11i  
> end  
> sum((aΩ11-aΩ11e).^2)  
> end
> 
> for R in aRe  
> tic()  
> sigma=0.388/R  
> rc0,bc0,gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)  
> println(“sigma = $sigma, rc0 = $rc0, bc0 = $bc0, gc0 = $gc0”)  
> Qa = interpQa(sigma) # retorna a função Qa(g) para este sigma  
> Qb = interpQb(sigma) # retorna a função Qb(g,α) para este sigma  
> Qc = interpQc(sigma) # retorna a função Qc(g) para este sigma  
> push!(afΩ11, x-\>Ω11(x,sigma,T)) # array de funções  
> toc()  
> end
> 
> xi = ones( lenR )  
> x, X2min = NelderMead(x-\>X2(x), [2.50;17.2;0.5;0.5])  
> #println(x[1]," “,x[2],” “,x[3])  
> println(x[1],” “,x[2],” “,x[3],” ",x[4])

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![mzaffalon](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/mzaffalon/32/214168_2.png) [@mzaffalon](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mzaffalon)\
**Post date:** [October 27, 2017, 3:08pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/10 "2017-10-27T15:08:35Z")

</div>

Triple post: [https://github.com/JuliaPy/PyPlot.jl/issues/327](https://github.com/JuliaPy/PyPlot.jl/issues/327)

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![mzaffalon](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/mzaffalon/32/214168_2.png) [@mzaffalon](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mzaffalon)\
**Post date:** [October 28, 2017, 2:46pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/11 "2017-10-28T14:46:58Z")

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@jonathanBieler’s reply is how

```julia
X2min = optimize(X2, [2.50,17.2,0.5,0.5], NelderMead(), Optim.Options(g_tol=1e-32)).minimizer

```

even though I doubt the result is what you expect since your function `X2` does not depend on `x`.

PS: To properly format code, can you put 3 backticks before and 3 backticks after it?

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![pkofod](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/pkofod/32/2179_2.png) [@pkofod](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/pkofod)\
**Post date:** [October 28, 2017, 9:00pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/12 "2017-10-28T21:00:27Z")

</div>

I know you’re quoting Jonathan above, but allow me to recommend

```julia
min = Optim.minimizer(optimizer(f, ..., Method(), Optim.Options())

```

rather than accessing the fields directly, as this allows for deprecations. Now minimizer might not be that bad, as we’ve corrected the terminology now, but the minimizer field used to be called minimum and the minimum was called f\_minimum. This had to be “hard deprecated” because you cannot deprecate field names. So for getting info from a results type instance, it’s advised to use the function based API if you want to avoid sudden problems in your programs should we change something.

Anyway, I don’t get what you’re trying to do, please always provide an MWE. In Optim you can use Nelder Mead using the following syntax

```julia
optimize(your_function, initial_x, NelderMead())

```

you can also set options

```julia
optimize(your_function, initial_x, NelderMead(), Optim.Options(kwargs...))

```

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 12:12am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/13 "2017-10-29T00:12:26Z")

</div>

> [@mzaffalon](#):
>
> X2min = optimize(X2, [2.50,17.2,0.5,0.5], NelderMead(), Optim.Options(g\_tol=1e-32)).minimizer

gives this error

MethodError: no method matching NelderMead()  
Closest candidates are:  
NelderMead(!Matched::Any, !Matched::Any) at C:\Users\Lucas\Desktop\LUCAS\Julia\neldermead.jl:76  
NelderMead(!Matched::Any, !Matched::Any, !Matched::Any) at C:\Users\Lucas\Desktop\LUCAS\Julia\neldermead.jl:76  
NelderMead(!Matched::Any, !Matched::Any, !Matched::Any, !Matched::Any) at C:\Users\Lucas\Desktop\LUCAS\Julia\neldermead.jl:76  
…  
include\_string(::String, ::String) at loading.jl:515  
include\_string(::String, ::String, ::Int64) at eval.jl:30  
include\_string(::Module, ::String, ::String, ::Int64, ::Vararg{Int64,N} where N) at eval.jl:34  
(::Atom.##49#53{String,Int64,String})() at eval.jl:50  
withpath(::Atom.##49#53{String,Int64,String}, ::String) at utils.jl:30  
withpath(::Function, ::String) at eval.jl:38  
macro expansion at eval.jl:49 [inlined]  
(::Atom.##48#52{Dict{String,Any}})() at task.jl:80

do you know what is it ?

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 12:18am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/14 "2017-10-29T00:18:27Z")

</div>

it says that x is not defined … but x is x[1] x[2] x[3] x[4] right ?

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 12:18am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/15 "2017-10-29T00:18:43Z")

</div>

not work … tell that x is not defined

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![mzaffalon](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/mzaffalon/32/214168_2.png) [@mzaffalon](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mzaffalon)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 5:22am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/16 "2017-10-29T05:22:06Z")

</div>

We would gladly help you if you provided a minimal example that, except for the optimization part, we can run: the function `X2` you provide is incomplete; moreover it does not depend on `x` so any value of `x` is a minimizer:

```julia
function X2(x)
  aΩ11 = zeros( lenR )
  for i in lenR # here you probably want for i in 1:lenR 
    aΩ11[i] = afΩ11i # what is afΩ11i?
  end
  sum((aΩ11-aΩ11e).^2)
end

```

As for `x` not being defined, if you look at the code (corrected after @pkofod’s suggestion), the minimizer is called `X2min`, so yes, `x` is not defined.

```julia
X2min = Optim.minimizer(optimize(X2, [2.50,17.2,0.5,0.5], NelderMead(), Optim.Options(g_tol=1e-32)))

```

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![pkofod](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/pkofod/32/2179_2.png) [@pkofod](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/pkofod)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 12:08pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/17 "2017-10-29T12:08:23Z")

</div>

Your errors point to “at C:\Users\Lucas\Desktop\LUCAS\Julia\neldermead.jl” which has nothing to do with Optim, so I’m not surprised it doesn’t work when you try to use Optim syntax.

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 5:18pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/18 "2017-10-29T17:18:05Z")

</div>

all tips you said here not working … i will put my entire code… so, i tried this two method, but none of this works

```julia
> using NLsolve, QuadGK, Interpolations, Optim
>
> include("C:\\Users\\Lucas\\Desktop\\LUCAS\\Julia\\brent.jl")
> #include("C:\\Users\\Lucas\\Desktop\\LUCAS\\Julia\\neldermead.jl")
> 
> 
> # Variáveis globais
> 
> aRe = [1.28; 1.47; 1.65; 1.94; 2.25; 2.39; 2.68; 2.91; 3.13; 3.75; 4.46] # Array com os R experimentais
> aΩ11e = [2.52; 2.26; 2.07; 1.92; 1.90; 2.08; 2.31; 2.53; 2.68; 2.51; 2.27] # Array com os Ω11 experimentais
> aΩ11 = zeros(length(aRe)) # Array com os valores calculados com cada função afΩ11[i](sigma)
> lenR = length(aRe)
> afΩ11 = [] # Arrray de funções: uma para cada sigma
> Qa = [] # Variável onde será atribuída a função Qa(g)
> Qb = [] # Variável onde será atribuída a função Qb(g,α)
> Qc = [] # Variável onde será atribuída a função Qc(g)
> T = 0.0987
> 
> #
> # Potencial e suas derivadas
> #
> 
> Φ(r,sigma) = 2/15*sigma.^9*(1/(r-1)^9-1/(r+1)^9-9/8/r*(1/(r-1)^8-1/(r+1)^8))-
> sigma.^3*(1/(r-1)^3-1/(r+1)^3-3/2/r*(1/(r-1)^2-1/(r+1)^2))
> 
> function Φl(r,sigma)
> ((3*sigma.^3)/(2*r^2*(1+r)^2)+(3*sigma.^3)/(r*(1+r)^3)-(3*sigma.^3)/(1+r)^4
> -(3*sigma.^9)/(20*r^2*(1+r)^8)
> -(6*sigma.^9)/(5*r*(1+r)^9)
> +(6*sigma.^9)/(5*(1+r)^10)
> -(3*sigma.^3)/((r-1)^3*r)
> +(6*sigma.^9)/(5*(r-1)^9*r)
> -(3*sigma.^3)/(2*(r-1)^2*r^2)
> +(3*sigma.^9)/(20*(r-1)^8*r^2)
> +(3*sigma.^3)/(r-1)^4-(6*sigma.^9)/(5*(r-1)^10))
> end
> 
> function Φll(r,sigma)
> ((-(3*sigma.^3)/(r^3*(1+r)^2))-(6*sigma.^3)/(r^2*(1+r)^3)
> -(9*sigma.^3)/(r*(1+r)^4)+(12*sigma.^3)/(1+r)^5
> +(3*sigma.^9)/(10*r^3*(1+r)^8)
> +(12*sigma.^9)/(5*r^2*(1+r)^9)
> +(54*sigma.^9)/(5*r*(1+r)^10)
> -(12*sigma.^9)/(1+r)^11+(9*sigma.^3)/((r-1)^4*r)
> -(54*sigma.^9)/(5*(r-1)^10*r)
> +(6*sigma.^3)/((r-1)^3*r^2)
> -(12*sigma.^9)/(5*(r-1)^9*r^2)
> +(3*sigma.^3)/((r-1)^2*r^3)
> -(3*sigma.^9)/(10*(r-1)^8*r^3)
> -(12*sigma.^3)/(r-1)^5+(12*sigma.^9)/(r-1)^11)
> end
> 
> #
> # Potencial efetivo e suas derivadas
> #
> 
> Veff(r,b,g,sigma) = Φ(r,sigma)+b^2*g^2/r^2
> Veffl(r,b,g,sigma) = Φl(r,sigma)-2b^2*g^2/r^3
> Veffll(r,b,g,sigma) = Φll(r,sigma)+6b^2*g^2/r^4
> 
> # O rc0, bc0 e gc0 vem das equações
> # Φ(r)+b^2 g^2/r^2 = g^2
> # Φ'(r)-2b^2 g^2/r^3 = 0
> # Φ''(r)+6b^2 g^2/r^4 = 0
> #
> # Ques são equivalentes a
> # Φ(r)+b^2 g^2/r^2 = g^2
> # Φ(r)+rΦ'(r)/2 = g^2
> # 3Φ'(r)+rϕ''(r) = 0
> function rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> rc0 = brent(r->3Φl(r,sigma)+r*Φll(r,sigma),1.02,5)
> gc0= sqrt(Φ(rc0,sigma)+rc0*Φl(rc0,sigma)/2)
> bc0 = rc0*sqrt(gc0^2-Φ(rc0,sigma))/gc0
> rc0, bc0, gc0
> end
> 
> # Função que calcula o r e o b críticos para um dado g
> function frbc(g, sigma)
> rc0,bc0,gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> if g == gc0 return rc0, bc0 end
> if g > gc0 || g == 0 error("g = $g, there is no critical b") end
> rc = rc0
> f(r,sigma) = Φ(r,sigma)+r*Φl(r,sigma)/2-g^2
> while f(rc0,sigma)*f(rc,sigma)>0 rc = rc+1 end
> rc = brent(r->f(r,sigma),rc0,rc)
> bc = sqrt(rc^2*(g^2-Φ(rc,sigma))/g^2)
> rc, bc
> end
> 
> # Cálculo do r mínimo
> function Rmin(b,g,sigma)
> if b > 100 # Este caso é quando Φ -> 0 e g^2r^2-b^2g^2+Φ=0
> rmin = b
> return rmin
> end
> rc0, bc0, gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> if g == gc0 return rc0 end # É o caso de b e g críticos
> if g > gc0 # Neste caso não tem extremos
> rinicial = nextfloat(1.0)
> rfinal = rinicial
> while (g^2-Veff(rinicial,b,g,sigma))*(g^2-Veff(rfinal,b,g,sigma)) > 0 rfinal = rfinal+1 end
> rmin = brent(r->g^2-Veff(r,b,g,sigma),rinicial,rfinal)
> return rmin
> end
> # Neste caso Veff tem máximo e mínimo e temos b crítico
> rc, bc = frbc(g, sigma)
> if b == bc return rc end
> if b < bc
> rinicial = nextfloat(1.0)
> rfinal = rinicial
> while (g^2-Veff(rinicial,b,g,sigma))*(g^2-Veff(rfinal,b,g,sigma)) > 0 rfinal = rfinal+1 end
> rmin = brent(r->g^2-Veff(r,b,g,sigma),rinicial,rfinal)
> else
> rfinal = rc
> while (g^2-Veff(rc,b,g,sigma))*(g^2-Veff(rfinal,b,g,sigma)) > 0 rfinal = rfinal+1 end
> rmin = brent(r->g^2-Veff(r,b,g,sigma),rc,rfinal)
> end
> rmin
> end
> 
> # Esta função retorna o integrando da função que dá o X (chi)
> # A integração é feita em r (r* nos cálculos)
> # X = pi - 2b*g*integrate(1/(r^2*sqrt(g^2-Veff)),r,rmin,Inf)
> function dX(r,b,g,sigma)
> if g == 0 return 0 end
> rmin = Rmin(b,g,sigma)
> den1 = g^2 - Veff(r,b,g,sigma)
> den2 = -Veffl(rmin,b,g,sigma)*(r-rmin)
> # if den1<0 || den2 < 0
> # warn("g^2-Veff = $den1 -Veffl*(r-rmin) = $den2, r = $r, b = $b, g = $g")
> # end
> den1 = abs(den1)
> den2 = abs(den2)
> # The lines below are
> # 2b*g*/r^2(1/sqrt(den1)-1/sqrt(den2))
> t0 = 2*b*g/r^2
> t1 = 1/sqrt(den1)
> t2 = 1/sqrt(den2)
> if abs(t2/t1) < 0.5
> res = t0*t1*exp(log1p(-t2/t1))
> else
> res = t0*(t1-t2)
> end
> res
> end
> 
> function X(b,g,sigma)
> if g > 1e5 return 0 end
> if g == 0 || b == 0 return π end
> rc0, bc0, gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> if b == bc0 && g == gc0 return -Inf end
> if 0 < g <= gc0
> rc, bc = frbc(g, sigma)
> if b == bc return -Inf end
> end
> rmin = Rmin(b,g,sigma)
> if b > 100 return 0 end
> if g < 0.2 && b > bc+0.2
> return -4π*sigma^3/g^2/b^6
> end
> int = 2b*g*pi/(2rmin^(3/2)*sqrt(abs(Veffl(rmin,b,g,sigma))))
> try
> int = int + quadgk(r->dX(r,b,g,sigma), rmin, Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> catch
> println("b=$b, g=$g")
> int = int + quadgk(r->dX(r,b,g,sigma), BigFloat(rmin), Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> end
> pi-int
> end
> 
> function dQ(b,g,sigma)
> 2*(1-cos(X(b,g,sigma)))*b
> end
> 
> function dQd(b,g,sigma,α)
> 2*(1+1/sqrt(1+α)*sqrt(π*T)/2g*sin(X(b,g,sigma)/2))*b
> end
> 
> function dQi(b,g,sigma)
> 2*(1+2/3*sin(X(b,g,sigma)/2))*b
> end
> 
> function Q(g,sigma)
> if g > 1e5 return 0 end
> if g == 0 return Inf end
> rc0, bc0, gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> if g > gc0
> int = quadgk(b->dQ(b,g,sigma), 0, Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> else
> rc, bc = frbc(g, sigma)
> int = quadgk(b->dQ(b,g,sigma), 0, bc-1e-3, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> int += quadgk(b->dQ(b,g,sigma), bc+1e-3, Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> end
> end
> 
> function Qd(g,sigma,α)
> if g > 1e5 return 0 end
> if g == 0 return Inf end
> rc0, bc0, gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> if g > gc0
> int = quadgk(b->dQ(b,g,sigma), 0, Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> else
> rc, bc = frbc(g, sigma)
> int = quadgk(b->dQd(b,g,sigma,α), 0, bc-1e-3, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> int = int + quadgk(b->dQ(b,g,sigma), bc+1e-3, Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> end
> int
> end
> 
> function Qi(g,sigma)
> if g > 1e5 return 0 end
> if g == 0 return Inf end
> rc0, bc0, gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> if g > gc0
> int = quadgk(b->dQ(b,g,sigma), 0, Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> else
> rc, bc = frbc(g, sigma)
> int = quadgk(b->dQi(b,g,sigma), 0, bc-1e-3, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> int = int + quadgk(b->dQ(b,g,sigma), bc+1e-3, Inf, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> end
> int
> end
> 
> # Função que interpola valores de Q
> # Isto é necessário porque a função Q é custosa para calcular
> # Então calculamos alguns pontos e interpolamos uma função.
> # Modo de usar:
> #Qa = interpQa(sigma)
> # Depois usamos Qa(g)
> function interpQa(sigma)
> ag = 0.1:1:10 # Array com os valores de g
> mQ = [Q(g,sigma) for g in ag] # Matriz com os valores de Q na grade
> iQ = interpolate(mQ, BSpline(Cubic(Line())), OnGrid()) # Interpola na grade
> sQ = scale(iQ, ag)
> x->sQ[x]
> end
> 
> # Modo de usar:
> #Qb = interpQb(sigma)
> # Depois usamos Qb(g,α)
> function interpQb(sigma)
> ag = 0.1:1:10 # Array com os valores de g
> aα = 0:1:5
> mQ = [Qd(g,sigma,α) for g in ag, α in aα] # Matriz com os valores de Q na grade
> iQ = interpolate(mQ, BSpline(Cubic(Line())), OnGrid()) # Interpola na grade
> sQ = scale(iQ, ag, aα)
> (x,y) -> sQ[x,y]
> end
> 
> # Modo de usar:
> #Qc = interpQc(sigma)
> # Depois usamos Qc(g)
> function interpQc(sigma)
> ag = 0.1:1:10 # Array com os valores de g
> mQ = [Qi(g,sigma) for g in ag] # Matriz com os valores de Q na grade
> iQ = interpolate(mQ, BSpline(Cubic(Line())), OnGrid()) # Interpola na grade
> sQ = scale(iQ, ag)
> x->sQ[x]
> end
> 
> function dΩ11(x,g,sigma,T)
> R = 0.388/sigma
> 
> α = 0 # x[1] # x[] são as constantes a serem calculadas pelo metodo neldermead
> ϕ = 0.9*(1-1/(1+(R/x[1])^17.32))
> θ = ϕ*exp(-α*g^2/T)
> #θ(g)=ϕ*exp(-x[1]*g^2/T)
> γ = 1 #x[3]
> g^5*θ*Qb(g,α)*exp(-g^2/T) + g^5*(1-θ)*γ*Qa(g)*exp(-g^2/T) +
> g^5*(1-θ)*(1-γ)*Qc(g)*exp(-g^2/T)
> end
> 
> Ω11(x,sigma,T) = 1/T^3*quadgk(g-> dΩ11(x,g,sigma,T) ,0 , 10, abstol=1e-3)[1]
> 
> function X2(x)
> aΩ11 = zeros( lenR )
> for i in lenR
> aΩ11[i] = afΩ11[i](x)
> end
> sum((aΩ11-aΩ11e).^2)
> end
> 
> 
> for R in aRe
> tic()
> sigma=0.388/R
> rc0,bc0,gc0 = rc0bc0gc0(sigma)
> println("sigma = $sigma, rc0 = $rc0, bc0 = $bc0, gc0 = $gc0")
> Qa = interpQa(sigma) # retorna a função Qa(g) para este sigma
> Qb = interpQb(sigma) # retorna a função Qb(g,α) para este sigma
> Qc = interpQc(sigma) # retorna a função Qc(g) para este sigma
> push!(afΩ11, x->Ω11(x,sigma,T)) # array de funções
> toc()
> end
> 
> xi = ones( lenR )
> X2min = optimize(X2, 2.50, Optim.Options(g_tol=1e-32)).minimizer
> 
> X2min = Optim.minimizer(optimize(X2, 2.50, NelderMead(), Optim.Options(g_tol=1e-32)))
> 
> 
> 
> 
> #x, X2min = NelderMead(x->X2(x), [2.50;17.2;0.5;0.5])
> #println(x[1]," ",x[2]," ",x[3])
> println(x[1])

```

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![mzaffalon](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/mzaffalon/32/214168_2.png) [@mzaffalon](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mzaffalon)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 7:36pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/19 "2017-10-29T19:36:19Z")

</div>

Please do make sure that the code you paste is:

- formatted (backticks)
- minimal
- self-contained (there is an `include` at the beginning) and some variables are not defined
- updated with the corrections we already suggested (why are you still trying to print `x` when the optimal solution is called `X2min`)

The following code works:

```julia
using Optim
aΩ11e = [2.52; 2.26; 2.07; 1.92; 1.90; 2.08; 2.31; 2.53; 2.68; 2.51; 2.27]
lenR = length(aΩ11e)

function X2(x)
    aΩ11 = zeros(lenR)
    #for i in 1:lenR
    # aΩ11[i] = afΩ11i # OP does not post values of LHS variable
    #end
    sum((aΩ11-aΩ11e).^2)
end

X2min = Optim.minimizer(optimize(X2, [2.50, 1.3], NelderMead(), Optim.Options(g_tol=1e-32)))
println(X2min)

```

---

<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![leaoshark](https://sea2.discourse-cdn.com/julialang/user_avatar/discourse.julialang.org/leaoshark/32/11462_2.png) [@leaoshark](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/leaoshark)\
**Post date:** [October 29, 2017, 11:56pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-optim-jl-optimization-like-fminsearch-in-matlab/6709/20 "2017-10-29T23:56:55Z")

</div>

o choose only one parameters to fit , x[1] … do you know how to solve this error ?

```julia
   X2min = Optim.minimizer(optimize(X2, [2.50], NelderMead(), Optim.Options(g_tol=1e-32)))
println(X2min)   

and the error is : Use optimize(f, scalar, scalar) for 1D problems
 in optimize(::Function, ::Array{Float64,1}, ::Optim.NelderMead{Optim.AffineSimplexer,Optim.AdaptiveParameters}, ::Optim.Options{Void}) at optimize.jl:168
 in include_string(::String, ::String) at loading.jl:441
 in include_string(::String, ::String, ::Int64) at eval.jl:30
 in include_string(::Module, ::String, ::String, ::Int64, ::Vararg{Int64,N}) at eval.jl:34
 in (::Atom.##53#56{String,Int64,String})() at eval.jl:50
 in withpath(::Atom.##53#56{String,Int64,String}, ::String) at utils.jl:30
 in withpath(::Function, ::String) at eval.jl:38
 in macro expansion at eval.jl:49 [inlined]
 in (::Atom.##52#55{Dict{String,Any}})() at task.jl:60

```

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