For 1., use plot() keyword bar_width. For 2., use xticks.
plot()
bar_width
xticks
Example:
using Plots; gr() x, y = 'a':'z', rand(1:10, 26) bar(x, y, xticks=(0.5:length(x)-0.5, x), xtickfontsize=5, bar_width=0.5, widen=false)