Thank you all for your answers.
Indeed, NamedArrays.jl does the job I need:
using NamedArrays
columnsnames = ["A","B"]
c = length(columnsnames)
n = 100
years = zeros(n)
start_date = 2020
years[1] = start_date
for t in 2:n
years[t] = years[t-1] + 1
end
y = NamedArray((zeros(n,c)), (years, columnsnames))
for t in 1:n
if t == 1
y[t,1:end] .= 1
else
y[t,1:end] .= y[t-1,1:end] .+ 1
end
end
println(y)