Would that work for you?
julia> function dateinfo(d::Date)
tmp = d - Day(dayofweek(d)-1)
week(tmp), year(tmp)
end
dateinfo (generic function with 1 method)
julia> Date(2020, 12, 31) |> dateinfo
(53, 2020)
julia> Date(2021, 01, 01) |> dateinfo
(53, 2020)