# General Usage

**URL:** https://discourse.julialang.org/c/usage/6.md?page=613

[Latest](https://discourse.julialang.org/latest.md) · [Categories](https://discourse.julialang.org/categories.md) · [Tags](https://discourse.julialang.org/tags.md)

**Page:** 614

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## [Recommended workflow to prepare a package to use it as a dll with PackageCompiler.jl](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/recommended-workflow-to-prepare-a-package-to-use-it-as-a-dll-with-packagecompiler-jl/59260)

<div class="topic-metadata">

**Author:** [@BambOoxX](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/BambOoxX)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 9:42am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/recommended-workflow-to-prepare-a-package-to-use-it-as-a-dll-with-packagecompiler-jl/59260 "2021-04-14T09:42:40Z")

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I am currently trying to compile one of my packages for use as dll with PackageCompiler.jl. This somewhat a follow up post of Package Compiler error when reproducing documentation example, yet more generic. During the …

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## [LoadError: ArgumentError: syntax df\[column\] is not supported use df\[!, column\] instead](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/loaderror-argumenterror-syntax-df-column-is-not-supported-use-df-column-instead/59235)

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**Author:** [@Sebastian\_Mena](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Sebastian_Mena)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 12:23pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/loaderror-argumenterror-syntax-df-column-is-not-supported-use-df-column-instead/59235 "2021-04-14T12:23:43Z")

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Hi, I want to create a dictionary that contains other dictionaries. The code is as follows: df\_events\_sim = DataFrame(XLSX.readtable("path/df\_events\_sim.xlsx","Sheet1")...) df\_betas\_duels = DataFrame(XLSX.readtable("p…

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## [How to get the "automatic documentation text" when documentation has been defined?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-get-the-automatic-documentation-text-when-documentation-has-been-defined/59258)

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**Author:** [@maajdl](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/maajdl)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 10:32am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-get-the-automatic-documentation-text-when-documentation-has-been-defined/59258 "2021-04-14T10:32:02Z")

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Hello I do like the automatically generated documentation like this: No documentation found. ThinkWare.idea is a Function. # 6 methods for generic function "idea": \[1\] idea(mx::Mixture) in ThinkWare at C:\\Users\\Rodin…

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## [Cannot include Neptune.jl](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cannot-include-neptune-jl/59185)

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**Author:** [@emmettgb](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/emmettgb)\
**Replies:** 11\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 7:50am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cannot-include-neptune-jl/59185 "2021-04-14T07:50:05Z")

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I have been unable to use the include method on Neptune.jl exclusively, below is my terminal session. emmett@y700:~$ cd dev emmett@y700:~/dev$ julia \_ \_ \_ \_(\_)\_ | Documentation: https://docs…

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## [How to interact til an inspectDR plot](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-interact-til-an-inspectdr-plot/59024)

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**Author:** [@TheLateKronos](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/TheLateKronos)\
**Replies:** 6\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 5:04am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-interact-til-an-inspectdr-plot/59024 "2021-04-14T05:04:59Z")

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Tagging @MA\_Laforge I have just discovered inspectDR, and it looks PERFECT for my needs - quick and interactive plotting for learning. It feels quick and snappy, and looks pretty good. The functionality of finding slop…

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## [Maximizing an objective function with many logs](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/maximizing-an-objective-function-with-many-logs/59227)

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**Author:** [@dadada\_dadada](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/dadada_dadada)\
**Replies:** 6\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 2:21am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/maximizing-an-objective-function-with-many-logs/59227 "2021-04-14T02:21:34Z")

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Hi, I have a conceptually simple objective function (an MLE estimator) that has a lot of logs. This kind of objective function is very common in Statistics and Economics. For example, consider the following objective f…

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## [Pyplot and conda problems](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/pyplot-and-conda-problems/59229)

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**Author:** [@gideonsimpson](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/gideonsimpson)\
**Replies:** 10\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 1:23am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/pyplot-and-conda-problems/59229 "2021-04-14T01:23:02Z")

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Something seems to have gone wrong with my conda/julia setup. The following commands: using Plots pyplot() now generate the error: InitError: PyError (PyImport\_ImportModule The Python package matplotlib.pyplot could…

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## [Tests don'r run anymore because "sourcepath !== nothing"](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/tests-donr-run-anymore-because-sourcepath-nothing/58959)

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**Author:** [@joa-quim](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/joa-quim)\
**Replies:** 10\
**Last updated:** [April 14, 2021, 12:24am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/tests-donr-run-anymore-because-sourcepath-nothing/58959 "2021-04-14T00:24:01Z")

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This happened first with Julia 1.5, now with Julia 1.6, i only have left Julia-DEV (@tomls) pkg\> test GMT ERROR: AssertionError: sourcepath !== nothing Stacktrace: \[1\] is\_package\_downloaded(ctx::Pkg.Types.Context, pkg…

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## [Can't use Zygote.gradient on Symbolics.jl Matrix Functions](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cant-use-zygote-gradient-on-symbolics-jl-matrix-functions/59225)

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**Author:** [@jbu](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jbu)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 10:30pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cant-use-zygote-gradient-on-symbolics-jl-matrix-functions/59225 "2021-04-13T22:30:16Z")

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When using a matrix function generated using Symbolics.jl variables, I get the error Mutating arrays is not supported when trying to autodifferentiate through the matrix function with either Zygote.gradient or Zygote.jac…

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## [Dreaded PyCall build error](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/dreaded-pycall-build-error/56761)

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**Author:** [@purplishrock](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/purplishrock)\
**Replies:** 7\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 8:54pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/dreaded-pycall-build-error/56761 "2021-04-13T20:54:20Z")

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this has come up several times in the forum. i have experienced it several times, and yet completely unsure why it happens. It definitely only happens on package upgrades (not necessarily julia version upgrades) and it…

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## [Performance difference when accessing square matrix rows-first or cols-first](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/performance-difference-when-accessing-square-matrix-rows-first-or-cols-first/59188)

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**Author:** [@danilo-bc](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/danilo-bc)\
**Replies:** 14\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 8:32pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/performance-difference-when-accessing-square-matrix-rows-first-or-cols-first/59188 "2021-04-13T20:32:19Z")

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I’m trying to expose a few Julia basics for friends, specially performance results, so I’m creating code snippets for visualization. In this example, I have two functions creating matrices of zeros and I’m simply settin…

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## [Generating function from existing function body + custom return statement](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/generating-function-from-existing-function-body-custom-return-statement/59212)

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**Author:** [@pierre-haessig](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/pierre-haessig)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 8:18pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/generating-function-from-existing-function-body-custom-return-statement/59212 "2021-04-13T20:18:34Z")

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Hello, I’m exploring an idea which may look funny. Please tell me if you thinks it’s impossible or useless. My goal I’d like to generate automatically (with metaprogramming I guess) functions which body and signature c…

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## [Project.toml in test directory vs extras](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/project-toml-in-test-directory-vs-extras/59199)

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**Author:** [@pdeffebach](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/pdeffebach)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 7:28pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/project-toml-in-test-directory-vs-extras/59199 "2021-04-13T19:28:25Z")

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I’m working on a package now which has a separate Poject.toml in the test directory. But DataFrames and others have all their test dependencies listed in extra in the main Project.toml. Is there anything I can read for w…

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## [Confused about versionning in post v1.0 world](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/confused-about-versionning-in-post-v1-0-world/59118)

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**Author:** [@MA\_Laforge](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/MA_Laforge)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 6:28pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/confused-about-versionning-in-post-v1-0-world/59118 "2021-04-13T18:28:14Z")

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Thanks to @StefanKarpinski having pinned @dilumaluthge’s excellent post, I must say I am a bit confused now: I was still using the pre-1.0 system where I would only bump the minor version number for breaking changes. T…

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## [LoadError: UndefVarError: active\_repl not defined with ReplMaker](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/loaderror-undefvarerror-active-repl-not-defined-with-replmaker/59221)

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**Author:** [@emmettgb](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/emmettgb)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 6:13pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/loaderror-undefvarerror-active-repl-not-defined-with-replmaker/59221 "2021-04-13T18:13:12Z")

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Hello all! I am having some trouble with ReplMaker.jl, and getting this error in return: LoadError: UndefVarError: active\_repl not defined I wrote a little module I was intending to put " using UnixRepl" into my startu…

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## [Simple multi-thread loop with array](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/simple-multi-thread-loop-with-array/59117)

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**Author:** [@shce](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/shce)\
**Replies:** 11\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 6:09pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/simple-multi-thread-loop-with-array/59117 "2021-04-13T18:09:01Z")

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Hello! I am struggling with how @threads works. I believe I understand what it does but I don’t get the expected result in the following MWE: struct MyStr arr::Array{Int,1} end function MyStr(N::Int) return MyS…

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## [Problems using @png inside of a loop in Luxor](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/problems-using-png-inside-of-a-loop-in-luxor/59198)

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**Author:** [@AndresCasillas](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/AndresCasillas)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 5:37pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/problems-using-png-inside-of-a-loop-in-luxor/59198 "2021-04-13T17:37:56Z")

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Hi, I´m quite new to Julia and I´ve been stuck on a problem for quite a while now. I´m currently working on a Jupyter file and with Julia version 1.5.3 on a Windows computer, using Luxor. I have an array of arrays and a…

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## [GR build problems: "installation is incomplete"](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gr-build-problems-installation-is-incomplete/58764)

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**Author:** [@compleat](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/compleat)\
**Replies:** 44\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 5:26pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gr-build-problems-installation-is-incomplete/58764 "2021-04-13T17:26:02Z")

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My students are still getting the error reported here: But since this was over 6 months ago and not adequately resolved I am raising it again. This semester, I took a chance and decided to be the first in my Universi…

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## [Zygote adjoint for custom array type](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/zygote-adjoint-for-custom-array-type/59215)

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**Author:** [@RainerHeintzmann](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/RainerHeintzmann)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 4:18pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/zygote-adjoint-for-custom-array-type/59215 "2021-04-13T16:18:42Z")

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Hello Friends of Zygote, while trying to create the adjoint for a custom array type, I was not really successful. struct Example{T,N,F} \<: AbstractArray{T,N} where F sz::NTuple{N, Int} f::F end Base.getindex(a…

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## [How do you make subtype fields consistent and mandatory?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-do-you-make-subtype-fields-consistent-and-mandatory/59208)

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**Author:** [@anon60034542](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/anon60034542)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 4:02pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-do-you-make-subtype-fields-consistent-and-mandatory/59208 "2021-04-13T16:02:45Z")

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Consider the following code: abstract type AbstractTransport end mutable struct Car \<: AbstractTransport name::String engine\_type::String number\_of\_people::Int32 function Car(name::String, engine\_type…

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## [Change number of workers in make](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/change-number-of-workers-in-make/59177)

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**Author:** [@puerco-errante](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/puerco-errante)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 1:40pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/change-number-of-workers-in-make/59177 "2021-04-13T13:40:52Z")

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Hi! I’m sorry if this is a very noob question, but I’m not very experienced with make files and I couldn’t find anything in google to help me out. I want to make test but the makefile launches all 8 workers and it ends…

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## [CompatHelper just one pull request](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/compathelper-just-one-pull-request/59180)

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**Author:** [@fgerick](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/fgerick)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 1:23pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/compathelper-just-one-pull-request/59180 "2021-04-13T13:23:31Z")

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Is there a way of having CompatHelper make one pull request for all the packages instead of one for each package. Like this I have to manually resolve merge conflicts for each package? Am I doing something wrong?

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## [Deploying docs in README.md](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/deploying-docs-in-readme-md/59189)

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**Author:** [@Tamas\_Papp](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Tamas_Papp)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 1:19pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/deploying-docs-in-readme-md/59189 "2021-04-13T13:19:53Z")

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Has anyone experimented with deploying docs using Documenter.jl to a repository’s README.md? While Documenter.makedocs(...) should be able to generate the Markdown from a template, I am wondering how to make this automa…

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## [Course website boilerplate](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/course-website-boilerplate/59134)

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**Author:** [@kevbonham](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/kevbonham)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 10:37am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/course-website-boilerplate/59134 "2021-04-13T10:37:24Z")

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I’m planning to transition a course website from Documenter to Franklin.jl, which I think will help with a number of things. In particular, I have a bunch of boilerplate that needs to be added to each lesson, assignment,…

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## [Why is work with Q in qr() is so expensive?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/why-is-work-with-q-in-qr-is-so-expensive/59143)

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**Author:** [@Wei\_Yang](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Wei_Yang)\
**Replies:** 6\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 9:33am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/why-is-work-with-q-in-qr-is-so-expensive/59143 "2021-04-13T09:33:42Z")

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In the picture below, we can see that it is very efficient to generate a random unitary matrix Q using the qr() function in LinearAlgebra. However, if we want to work with the generated Q, it appears to be very expensiv…

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## [Creating a JuliaTeX group on github](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/creating-a-juliatex-group-on-github/6288)

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**Author:** [@Azzaare](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Azzaare)\
**Replies:** 24\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 8:12am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/creating-a-juliatex-group-on-github/6288 "2021-04-13T08:12:49Z")

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I am currently writing a module to handle all matters related to bibtex language (bibliography language for LaTeX), such as parsing and conversion to others format (DataBase, other bibliography format, XML, JSON, etc…). …

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## [StaticArrays, parametric types, type stability](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/staticarrays-parametric-types-type-stability/59095)

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**Author:** [@Philippe\_Maincon1](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Philippe_Maincon1)\
**Replies:** 7\
**Last updated:** [April 13, 2021, 4:51am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/staticarrays-parametric-types-type-stability/59095 "2021-04-13T04:51:10Z")

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Here is a little snippet of code using StaticArrays struct JustMyType{N,M} a::Vector{\<:SMatrix{N,M,Float64}} b:: SMatrix{N,M,Float64} end j = JustMyType(\[SMatrix{2,3,Float64}(randn(2,3)) for i=1:4\], …

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## [Coverage report problems](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/coverage-report-problems/59133)

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**Author:** [@Ronis\_BR](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Ronis_BR)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [April 12, 2021, 9:34pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/coverage-report-problems/59133 "2021-04-12T21:34:13Z")

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Hi! A looong time ago, I opened this issue about wrong coverage report by Julia: about wrong coverage report by Julia. By that time, passing --inline=no to Julia would fix some problems. However, we needed a patch to…

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## [Best practices / Guidelines for generic methods](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/best-practices-guidelines-for-generic-methods/59098)

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**Author:** [@Uroc327](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Uroc327)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [April 12, 2021, 9:17pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/best-practices-guidelines-for-generic-methods/59098 "2021-04-12T21:17:24Z")

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I wonder if there are any guidelines on the specificity of method arguments. I’m thinking about the trade-offs of making a type very general (e.g., ::Any (or omitted), ::AbstractArray) vs making a type more or less spec…

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## [Separate macro for inserting fields in struct in the standard lib](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/separate-macro-for-inserting-fields-in-struct-in-the-standard-lib/59090)

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**Author:** [@Sunny](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Sunny)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [April 12, 2021, 8:40pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/separate-macro-for-inserting-fields-in-struct-in-the-standard-lib/59090 "2021-04-12T20:40:06Z")

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Is there a def macro analogue in julia? # Macro for inserting fields macro def(name, definition) return quote macro $(esc(name))() esc($(Expr(:quote, definition))) end end end @def my\_fields…

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