# Specific Domains

**URL:** https://discourse.julialang.org/c/domain/10.md?no_subcategories=false&page=355

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**Page:** 356

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## [JuMP optimization with vector input and analytical gradient](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/jump-optimization-with-vector-input-and-analytical-gradient/63664)

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**Author:** [@nicolas](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/nicolas)\
**Replies:** 5\
**Last updated:** [June 27, 2021, 10:58pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/jump-optimization-with-vector-input-and-analytical-gradient/63664 "2021-06-27T22:58:11Z")

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In JuMP’s manual, there are simple instructions to either optimize by providing an analytical gradient function or by providing a vector input with splatting: Nonlinear Modeling · JuMP. I have been trying to combine the …

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## [Can't get a user defined function to work in my Turing Model specification](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cant-get-a-user-defined-function-to-work-in-my-turing-model-specification/63487)

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**Author:** [@DoktorMike](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/DoktorMike)\
**Replies:** 6\
**Last updated:** [June 27, 2021, 8:02am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cant-get-a-user-defined-function-to-work-in-my-turing-model-specification/63487 "2021-06-27T08:02:56Z")

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I have this simple Turing model which I cannot get to work. The full MWE is given below. using Turing, Distributions function myfilter(x::AbstractVector, λ) xnew = x xnew\[1\] = x\[1\] for i in 2:length(x) …

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## [Export just the plotting area with Makie](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/export-just-the-plotting-area-with-makie/63629)

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**Author:** [@EvoArt](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/EvoArt)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [June 27, 2021, 6:37am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/export-just-the-plotting-area-with-makie/63629 "2021-06-27T06:37:30Z")

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Is it possible to save just the plotting area as a PDF from Cairo Makie? Hiding decorations and spines gets close. But there is still a small border around the output.

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## [Fastest plotting library?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/fastest-plotting-library/62018)

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**Author:** [@Iulian.Cioarca](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Iulian.Cioarca)\
**Replies:** 53\
**Last updated:** [June 26, 2021, 6:35pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/fastest-plotting-library/62018 "2021-06-26T18:35:10Z")

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I need to generate a lot of plots(thousands) and save them to disk as png. Nothing fancy, just some scatter plots with legend, preferably with the option to adjust the resolution(number of points per plot is less than 10…

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## [Goose Attack against a Genie App](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/goose-attack-against-a-genie-app/63541)

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**Author:** [@StatisticalMouse](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/StatisticalMouse)\
**Replies:** 24\
**Last updated:** [June 26, 2021, 3:56pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/goose-attack-against-a-genie-app/63541 "2021-06-26T15:56:30Z")

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I made a small Genie App, and I created a Goose Attack with Rust that tests it. I used Julia 1.6.1. The app is essentially (which is routes.jl) using Genie.Router, Genie.Renderer, Genie.Exceptions, JSON3 route("/") do…

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## [Performance issues with matrix multiplication in JuMP](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/performance-issues-with-matrix-multiplication-in-jump/63564)

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**Author:** [@Huy\_Nguyen](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Huy_Nguyen)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [June 26, 2021, 1:32pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/performance-issues-with-matrix-multiplication-in-jump/63564 "2021-06-26T13:32:46Z")

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I am trying to do linear constraint optimisation as follows: model = Model(Tulip.Optimizer) # Set up variables @variable(model, x\[1:length(VecA)+length(VecB)\]) # set up linear constraints workingweights …

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## [Understanding the results from Optim.jl for a black box function](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/understanding-the-results-from-optim-jl-for-a-black-box-function/63507)

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**Author:** [@edwinb-ai](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/edwinb-ai)\
**Replies:** 15\
**Last updated:** [June 25, 2021, 10:19pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/understanding-the-results-from-optim-jl-for-a-black-box-function/63507 "2021-06-25T22:19:37Z")

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I’m using Optim.jl to solve an unconstrained minimization problem. In this particular problem I have a black-box function, which can take a long time on a single function evaluation. I don’t have access to gradient info…

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## [How to record the optimization process when using the JuMP optimization package for optimization](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-record-the-optimization-process-when-using-the-jump-optimization-package-for-optimization/63124)

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**Author:** [@til1](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/til1)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [June 25, 2021, 10:15pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-record-the-optimization-process-when-using-the-jump-optimization-package-for-optimization/63124 "2021-06-25T22:15:16Z")

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I want to know the result of each iteration of the independent variable and the target value. How can I get this information?

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## [How to get rid of output in nlsolve?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-get-rid-of-output-in-nlsolve/63559)

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**Author:** [@pdeffebach](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/pdeffebach)\
**Replies:** 5\
**Last updated:** [June 25, 2021, 4:32pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-get-rid-of-output-in-nlsolve/63559 "2021-06-25T16:32:40Z")

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I’m struggling to avoid printing the result after an nlsolve call. Results of Nonlinear Solver Algorithm \* Algorithm: Trust-region with dogleg and autoscaling \* Starting Point: \[-2.9444389791664403, -2.19722457733621…

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## [Plotting Makie output with Plots](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/plotting-makie-output-with-plots/63520)

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**Author:** [@mjyshin](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mjyshin)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [June 25, 2021, 4:26pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/plotting-makie-output-with-plots/63520 "2021-06-25T16:26:30Z")

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Is there any way to use Plots and Makie together to create a larger figure without having to export one as an image and load it back in? Something like: using Makie, Plots mfig = Figure() # ... create Makie figure ... …

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## [How to plot alternating background colors with Plots.jl](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-plot-alternating-background-colors-with-plots-jl/63548)

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**Author:** [@kaslusimoes](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/kaslusimoes)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [June 25, 2021, 1:01pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-plot-alternating-background-colors-with-plots-jl/63548 "2021-06-25T13:01:07Z")

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Hi, I want to plot a time series but visualize a few segments with different background colors. My idea of the code would be something like plot(\[1:4 5:8\], \[rand(4) rand(4)\], bg\_inside = \[:darkblue :red\]), but that sel…

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## [Writing GPU Shaders in Julia](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/writing-gpu-shaders-in-julia/60669)

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**Author:** [@jebej](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jebej)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [June 25, 2021, 12:14pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/writing-gpu-shaders-in-julia/60669 "2021-06-25T12:14:53Z")

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I was going over the GLAbstraction tutorials to learn how do do simple animations on the GPU, and things work fairly well. One pain point, however, is that the shaders needs to be written in a special language, meaning …

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## [\[ANN\] SchwarzschildGeo.jl](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/ann-schwarzschildgeo-jl/63463)

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**Author:** [@inokawazu](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/inokawazu)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [June 25, 2021, 5:23am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/ann-schwarzschildgeo-jl/63463 "2021-06-25T05:23:07Z")

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Hello everyone. I just completed a small package to render a Schwarzschild Black hole with various backgrounds. https://github.com/inokawazu/SchwarzschildGeo.jl

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## [Diagnosing "Fixed-effects matrix is rank-deficient"](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/diagnosing-fixed-effects-matrix-is-rank-deficient/63471)

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**Author:** [@jzr](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jzr)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [June 24, 2021, 2:32pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/diagnosing-fixed-effects-matrix-is-rank-deficient/63471 "2021-06-24T14:32:57Z")

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I am using MixedModels fit(@formula(y ~ a + b + c + d + e), data) and it says “Warning: Fixed-effects matrix is rank-deficient”. I want to diagnose the problem. Can I find out which combinations of columns are not full r…

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## [GC hitting hard](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gc-hitting-hard/63102)

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**Author:** [@Fabrice\_Rosay](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Fabrice_Rosay)\
**Replies:** 9\
**Last updated:** [June 24, 2021, 7:35am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gc-hitting-hard/63102 "2021-06-24T07:35:29Z")

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Hi, I have a complicated function that if i call it twice in row with the exact same arguments, the second call is 50% slower. The function calls many kernels that execute on the gpu. I noticed that one of the sub-func…

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## [Multivariate empirical characteristic function](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/multivariate-empirical-characteristic-function/63311)

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**Author:** [@Neurosurg](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Neurosurg)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [June 21, 2021, 7:29pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/multivariate-empirical-characteristic-function/63311 "2021-06-21T19:29:50Z")

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Hi, I am a Pythonista, yet totally new to Julia though. Could someone, please, demonstrate an example on how to code an empirical characteristic function (ideally multivariate) in Julia-way? That is, let’s say, we’ve …

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## [Size Mismatch Convolution Layer](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/size-mismatch-convolution-layer/63190)

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**Author:** [@BroccoliFever](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/BroccoliFever)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [June 24, 2021, 1:02am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/size-mismatch-convolution-layer/63190 "2021-06-24T01:02:40Z")

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I have some experience using PyTorch, so I decided to try to learn another language for Deep Learning and happened upon Julia and Flux.jl. I am trying to get started with a simple cat/dog classification problem, and I ha…

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## [Transforming a DataFrame column by mapping with a Dict](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/transforming-a-dataframe-column-by-mapping-with-a-dict/61753)

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**Author:** [@anon71627001](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/anon71627001)\
**Replies:** 5\
**Last updated:** [June 23, 2021, 11:15pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/transforming-a-dataframe-column-by-mapping-with-a-dict/61753 "2021-06-23T23:15:08Z")

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Let’s say I have a DataFrame and a Dict: df = DataFrame( a = 1:3, b = \["beetle", "fly", "spider"\]) arthropod\_dict = Dict( "beetle" =\> "insect", "fly" =\> "insect", "spider" =\> "arachnid") And I’d li…

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## [Gurobi license issue](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gurobi-license-issue/36547)

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**Author:** [@Nicolas\_Slosse](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Nicolas_Slosse)\
**Replies:** 13\
**Last updated:** [June 23, 2021, 9:04pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gurobi-license-issue/36547 "2021-06-23T21:04:38Z")

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Dear forum, I have installed a fresh version of Gurobi.jl and JuMP for Julia Version 1.3.1 on a linux server. When making call to Gurobi 9.0 from Julia, I bump on the following error message : ERROR: LoadError: Invali…

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## [IFFT function in julia](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/ifft-function-in-julia/63454)

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**Author:** [@juls](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/juls)\
**Replies:** 7\
**Last updated:** [June 23, 2021, 7:56pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/ifft-function-in-julia/63454 "2021-06-23T19:56:33Z")

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I am trying to implement the below matrix computation from matlab in julia. But the ifft function gives different output than obtained in matlab a = zeros(5,10); for i = 1:5 a(i,:) = ifft((c(i,:).\*(d))); end w…

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## [Uncertainty propagation](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/uncertainty-propagation/63024)

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**Author:** [@lrnv](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/lrnv)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [June 23, 2021, 2:54pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/uncertainty-propagation/63024 "2021-06-23T14:54:58Z")

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Hey, Consider a random dataset: using Distributions using Random using Statistics using StatsBase X = rand(LogNormal(0,1),10000) Consider a first function that ‘summarises’ the dataset into a simple vector of k statis…

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## [Gradient and directional second derivative with ForwardDiff](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gradient-and-directional-second-derivative-with-forwarddiff/63429)

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**Author:** [@mschauer](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/mschauer)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [June 23, 2021, 1:04pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gradient-and-directional-second-derivative-with-forwarddiff/63429 "2021-06-23T13:04:39Z")

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So I have a function f (minus the log-likelihood ℓ retrieved from Turing in my case) and I need two things: 1.) gradient (∇f)(x) in some point x 2.) and how it changes in a direction θ: ∂ₜ(t -\> ∇f(x + t\*θ)) in t = 0 …

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## [Solving A X = B equation with ITensor](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/solving-a-x-b-equation-with-itensor/60332)

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**Author:** [@fastwave](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/fastwave)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [June 23, 2021, 12:30pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/solving-a-x-b-equation-with-itensor/60332 "2021-06-23T12:30:44Z")

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I am wondering of one can use ITensors to solve linear equations in the form of A X = B where all of the components are tensor networks or high order tensors in some compressed format? Or if not does anybody know a pac…

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## [Best practices for Speech-to-Text conversion?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/best-practices-for-speech-to-text-conversion/37543)

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**Author:** [@themadprogramer](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/themadprogramer)\
**Replies:** 5\
**Last updated:** [June 23, 2021, 6:29am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/best-practices-for-speech-to-text-conversion/37543 "2021-06-23T06:29:26Z")

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I’m working on a project where I plan to convert speech into text to perform very basic NLP tasks. At first, I hoped to find a package in Julia for Speech-to-Text conversion myself, but that didn’t turn up anything. Ne…

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## [Bonmin + HSL?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/bonmin-hsl/63338)

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**Author:** [@SingingKim](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/SingingKim)\
**Replies:** 8\
**Last updated:** [June 22, 2021, 11:20pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/bonmin-hsl/63338 "2021-06-22T23:20:21Z")

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Hi everyone, I’m trying to use the Bonmin solver with IPOPT+HSL. Can you take a look at the following example and let me know if there is anything that should be fixed? It works fine if I delete the linear\_solver option …

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## [Pca question](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/pca-question/63337)

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**Author:** [@Kevin\_25](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Kevin_25)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [June 22, 2021, 9:32pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/pca-question/63337 "2021-06-22T21:32:19Z")

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I was wondering if there is a command or a way to produce the result of the “explained\_variance\_ratio\_” command from scikitlearn in order to plot it. Thanks.

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## [The solution of Semidefinite Programming (SDP) violates the constraints](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/the-solution-of-semidefinite-programming-sdp-violates-the-constraints/63370)

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**Author:** [@Sawyer\_Zhou](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Sawyer_Zhou)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [June 22, 2021, 7:17pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/the-solution-of-semidefinite-programming-sdp-violates-the-constraints/63370 "2021-06-22T19:17:55Z")

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I try to solve a SDP, the result shows that the solution is feasible and optimal, but when I substitute the obtained solution back into the constraints, I find it violates many constraints. using JuMP, MosekTools, Linea…

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## [No attribute for title position - why always at top of figure?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/no-attribute-for-title-position-why-always-at-top-of-figure/63360)

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**Author:** [@walra356](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/walra356)\
**Replies:** 8\
**Last updated:** [June 22, 2021, 6:48pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/no-attribute-for-title-position-why-always-at-top-of-figure/63360 "2021-06-22T18:48:52Z")

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In the example below I would like the title to the left of fig\[2,1\]. Is there a simple way to do this in the Makie Figure format? New Axis with textbox? Rotation did not work for me.

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## [Chain rule in Symbolics.jl](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/chain-rule-in-symbolics-jl/63146)

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**Author:** [@SteffenPL](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/SteffenPL)\
**Replies:** 5\
**Last updated:** [June 22, 2021, 5:05pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/chain-rule-in-symbolics-jl/63146 "2021-06-22T17:05:29Z")

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Probably I’m blind, but is there a way to get the transformation \\frac{d}{d t} x(y(t)) = \\frac{\\partial x}{\\partial y}(y(t)) \\frac{\\partial y}{\\partial t}(t) where x and y are symbolic. (I want do do a symbolic transf…

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## [How to internationnalize (i18n) a Genie app?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-internationnalize-i18n-a-genie-app/63378)

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**Author:** [@samusz](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/samusz)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [June 22, 2021, 3:03pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-internationnalize-i18n-a-genie-app/63378 "2021-06-22T15:03:12Z")

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I’ve looked for an internnationnalization (i18n) functionality in Julia to use it with a small Genie web app and only found this \[base/I18n module \] (julia/i18n.jl at 96b28d64bdd3ae037378028d4cd60e5a4c397256 · JuliaLang…

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