# Specific Domains

**URL:** https://discourse.julialang.org/c/domain/10.md?no_subcategories=false&page=280

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**Page:** 281

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## [Training a million models at the same time](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/training-a-million-models-at-the-same-time/81100)

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**Author:** [@StefanPerko](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/StefanPerko)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [May 15, 2022, 6:12pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/training-a-million-models-at-the-same-time/81100 "2022-05-15T18:12:04Z")

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I have written my own code for doing Monte-Carlo simulations with SGD and a one-parameter model, for research. Specifically, I would draw 10^6 data sets (x,y) from a known distribution with x,y 1-dimensional and train 10…

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## [Nested task error: AssertionError](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/nested-task-error-assertionerror/81041)

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**Author:** [@marouane1994](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/marouane1994)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [May 15, 2022, 2:37pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/nested-task-error-assertionerror/81041 "2022-05-15T14:37:56Z")

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recently i updated Julia to 1.7.2 which means that i had to update all the used packages, i am getting an assertion error, that is not clear to me knowing that the same exact code was running fine in Julia 1.5 using Plo…

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## [Using eigenvalue in JuMP constraint](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-eigenvalue-in-jump-constraint/81076)

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**Author:** [@Tri](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Tri)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [May 15, 2022, 12:01pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/using-eigenvalue-in-jump-constraint/81076 "2022-05-15T12:01:09Z")

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I want to use the eigenvalues of the matrix Z in a constraint (e.g their sum or product) as in the following: using JuMP using LinearAlgebra model = Model() @variable(model, X\[1:2, 1:2\] \>= 0) @variable(model, c\[1:2\] \>= …

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## [Overlapping 3d lines in glmakie not drawing as expected](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/overlapping-3d-lines-in-glmakie-not-drawing-as-expected/81031)

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**Author:** [@brianguenter](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/brianguenter)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 11:45pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/overlapping-3d-lines-in-glmakie-not-drawing-as-expected/81031 "2022-05-14T23:45:40Z")

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using GLMakie GLMakie.activate!() function mwe\_segments(step\_size) fig = Figure() ax = Axis3(fig\[1,1\],viewmode = :fit, aspect = (1.0,1.0,1.0)) for y in -10:step\_size:10 lines!(ax,\[SVector(0.0,y,…

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## [How retrieve the best result from sampling? Turing.jl](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-retrieve-the-best-result-from-sampling-turing-jl/81077)

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**Author:** [@BinaryBot](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/BinaryBot)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 10:26pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-retrieve-the-best-result-from-sampling-turing-jl/81077 "2022-05-14T22:26:12Z")

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https://turing.ml/dev/tutorials/10-bayesian-differential-equations/ I followed this tutorial to model my own ode problem and estimate parameters. When calling sample(model, NUTS(0.65), MCMCThreads(), 1000, 3) I get bac…

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## [\[DataFrames Question\]: How to convert single column with row of dictionary to multiple columns](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/dataframes-question-how-to-convert-single-column-with-row-of-dictionary-to-multiple-columns/80989)

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**Author:** [@Stefan\_Bringuier](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Stefan_Bringuier)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 6:01pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/dataframes-question-how-to-convert-single-column-with-row-of-dictionary-to-multiple-columns/80989 "2022-05-14T18:01:39Z")

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Question: If I have a dataframe with a column that has rows which are dictionaries, whats the appropriate way to convert each key to a column and fill the elements with the value. I assume its through the transform! fun…

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## [How can happen that mutual information is negative?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-can-happen-that-mutual-information-is-negative/81062)

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**Author:** [@ladislaus](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/ladislaus)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 4:40pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-can-happen-that-mutual-information-is-negative/81062 "2022-05-14T16:40:47Z")

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Dear Community, I am about to calculate the mutual information of two PMFs according to (1) in mathworld which i would normalize to get the redundancy, R, in Wiki. A particular feature of the problem is that the sampl…

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## [How to make an environment with julia, for my RL agent?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-make-an-environment-with-julia-for-my-rl-agent/81049)

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**Author:** [@matic\_lauko](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/matic_lauko)\
**Replies:** 9\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 3:37pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-make-an-environment-with-julia-for-my-rl-agent/81049 "2022-05-14T15:37:04Z")

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I want to make an environment for Agents with julia, what are some packages to do that? I’m thinking of GameZero.jl and Makie.jl. Are there any others? Could I use Unreal Engine or Unity, but create Agents using Julia? …

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## [What do other plotting libraries do well?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/what-do-other-plotting-libraries-do-well/81061)

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**Author:** [@TheLateKronos](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/TheLateKronos)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 1:55pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/what-do-other-plotting-libraries-do-well/81061 "2022-05-14T13:55:32Z")

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Dear significant contributors to any plotting package: Which aspect of some other plotting package do you like? What do you think they do particularly well?

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## [InvalidIRError on rand! when using Flux and MLDatasets](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/invalidirerror-on-rand-when-using-flux-and-mldatasets/80675)

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**Author:** [@sigmike](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/sigmike)\
**Replies:** 7\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 9:08am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/invalidirerror-on-rand-when-using-flux-and-mldatasets/80675 "2022-05-14T09:08:37Z")

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I recently updated my system and Julia and now the following program fails (it didn’t fail before the updates): using Flux using MLDatasets using CUDA using Random a = CuArray{Float32}(undef, 2) Random.rand!(CUDA.defau…

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## [Compensated Jump process](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/compensated-jump-process/81038)

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**Author:** [@Max\_Beez](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Max_Beez)\
**Replies:** 10\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 8:43am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/compensated-jump-process/81038 "2022-05-14T08:43:40Z")

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I have been familiarizing myself with DifferentialEquations.jl I was trying to find an example of an SDE simulation such that the SDE is a jump-diffusion such that the jumps are of the compensated (Poisson) form. Is th…

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## [SDE simulation error: ERROR: BoundsError: attempt to access 3-element Vector{Float64} at index \[1, 2\]](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/sde-simulation-error-error-boundserror-attempt-to-access-3-element-vector-float64-at-index-1-2/81045)

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**Author:** [@Max\_Beez](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Max_Beez)\
**Replies:** 6\
**Last updated:** [May 14, 2022, 2:30am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/sde-simulation-error-error-boundserror-attempt-to-access-3-element-vector-float64-at-index-1-2/81045 "2022-05-14T02:30:11Z")

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I am getting the following error trying to run a simulation ERROR: BoundsError: attempt to access 3-element Vector{Float64} at index \[1, 2\] My code is as follows using DifferentialEquations using Plots; plotly() fun…

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## [How to solve implicitly a 2D Heat diffusion equation / ParallelStencil / DifferentialEquation /](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-solve-implicitly-a-2d-heat-diffusion-equation-parallelstencil-differentialequation/80542)

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**Author:** [@Eurel](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Eurel)\
**Replies:** 17\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 7:25pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-solve-implicitly-a-2d-heat-diffusion-equation-parallelstencil-differentialequation/80542 "2022-05-13T19:25:29Z")

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Context I am no simulation nor numerical expert and am absolutely not familiar with differential Equations. So I am trying to simulate heat diffusion in a 2D non uniform material on a Cartesian rectilinear mesh (varyi…

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## [CellmlToolkit.jl: A model not readable](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cellmltoolkit-jl-a-model-not-readable/80918)

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**Author:** [@xztt](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/xztt)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 5:58pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cellmltoolkit-jl-a-model-not-readable/80918 "2022-05-13T17:58:11Z")

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Hi, Trying to read in the Smith et al 2004 model Minimal haemodynamic system model including ventricular interaction and valve dynamics. — Physiome Model Repository using the code ml = CellModel("/home/harry/Desktop/P…

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## [Turning a convex hull into a set of constraints](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/turning-a-convex-hull-into-a-set-of-constraints/80887)

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**Author:** [@gobs](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/gobs)\
**Replies:** 13\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 5:21pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/turning-a-convex-hull-into-a-set-of-constraints/80887 "2022-05-13T17:21:20Z")

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I would like to turn the output of a convex hull into a set of constraints. I’m sure I could figure this out in a reasonable amount of time, but I was wondering if anyone had done this already. Otherwise I will post my s…

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## [Can you help me find a speedier way to make a design matrix for high parameter model?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/can-you-help-me-find-a-speedier-way-to-make-a-design-matrix-for-high-parameter-model/80012)

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**Author:** [@alexpkeil1](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/alexpkeil1)\
**Replies:** 8\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 3:27pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/can-you-help-me-find-a-speedier-way-to-make-a-design-matrix-for-high-parameter-model/80012 "2022-05-13T15:27:28Z")

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I’m building a parametric Bayesian model where I require a design matrix with lots of columns (1 observation per row). The columns represent original measured variables (continuous and categorical) as well as spline basi…

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## [Designing Custom Syntax for @formula](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/designing-custom-syntax-for-formula/80450)

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**Author:** [@Ross\_Boylan](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Ross_Boylan)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 3:23pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/designing-custom-syntax-for-formula/80450 "2022-05-13T15:23:14Z")

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I’m trying to understand the differences between the relatively compact implementation of a custom interpretation of ^ for @formula and the general advice on extending @formula, in particular the example here of how to …

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## [Getting RegressionFormulae ^ (interaction) operator to work](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/getting-regressionformulae-interaction-operator-to-work/79216)

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**Author:** [@Ross\_Boylan](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Ross_Boylan)\
**Replies:** 8\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 3:10pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/getting-regressionformulae-interaction-operator-to-work/79216 "2022-05-13T15:10:06Z")

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My effort to use the ^ operator from RegressionFormulae doesn’t seem to have worked. What am I missing? The docs just referenced say (a+b+c)^2 generates a + b + c + a&b + a&c + b&c , but not a&b&c Test code: using…

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## [Makie scatter image marker no longer work](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-scatter-image-marker-no-longer-work/80727)

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**Author:** [@babaq](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/babaq)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 8:05am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-scatter-image-marker-no-longer-work/80727 "2022-05-13T08:05:40Z")

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I just found my old code not working any more: Makie.scatter(1:2, 1:2,marker = \[rand(Gray,3,3),rand(Gray,3,3)\], markersize=30) my julia version is 1.7.2 on win10, GLMakie is 0.5.5. list of buildin marker works, for ex…

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## [ArchGDAL error after recent update](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/archgdal-error-after-recent-update/80987)

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**Author:** [@scotts](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/scotts)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 8:03am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/archgdal-error-after-recent-update/80987 "2022-05-13T08:03:21Z")

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I had some very basic geocode working for plotting a tif file that has recently stopped working. It’s very basic, from here: https://www.acgeospatial.co.uk/julia-prt3/ using ArchGDAL, Plots, Colors, Images, GeoData con…

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## [Cross-platform (CPU/GPU) data structure for linear algebra](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cross-platform-cpu-gpu-data-structure-for-linear-algebra/79877)

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**Author:** [@FireCrumb](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/FireCrumb)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 7:26am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cross-platform-cpu-gpu-data-structure-for-linear-algebra/79877 "2022-05-13T07:26:20Z")

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Hi, I’m building an ML application, and want to pass around a data structure that contains several scalars/arrays/vertices/matrices. The dimension will be determined at runtime, depending on input dataset etc. The nume…

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## [Controls variables for ODESystem](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/controls-variables-for-odesystem/78204)

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**Author:** [@jedforrest](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jedforrest)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 6:31am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/controls-variables-for-odesystem/78204 "2022-05-13T06:31:08Z")

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Hi all, I’m looking through the documentation on ODESystems in ModelingToolkit and came across the ctrls (control parameters) argument for ODESystems: ctrls Control parameters (some subset of ps ). This sounds lik…

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## [Surprising error on example code from ModelingToolkit documentation!](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/surprising-error-on-example-code-from-modelingtoolkit-documentation/80867)

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**Author:** [@ap2013](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/ap2013)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 5:22am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/surprising-error-on-example-code-from-modelingtoolkit-documentation/80867 "2022-05-13T05:22:15Z")

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I am having some issues with ModelingTookit. I tried to run the example copy-paste code from the documentation. Component-Based Modeling a Spring-Mass System · ModelingToolkit.jl using ModelingToolkit, Plots, Different…

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## [NUTS speed is very slow for high dimension parameter inference in Turing.jl](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/nuts-speed-is-very-slow-for-high-dimension-parameter-inference-in-turing-jl/80349)

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**Author:** [@zqn](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/zqn)\
**Replies:** 8\
**Last updated:** [May 13, 2022, 4:38am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/nuts-speed-is-very-slow-for-high-dimension-parameter-inference-in-turing-jl/80349 "2022-05-13T04:38:46Z")

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Hi, I’m trying Turing.jl for a high dimension hyperparameter inference problem, and here’s a toy example. To estimate tureE using fake testx and testy, I’m using a NUTS which costs no less than 5 hours according to the p…

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## [Does BilevelJuMP linearize terms (if possible) after reformulation?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/does-bileveljump-linearize-terms-if-possible-after-reformulation/80981)

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**Author:** [@math\_opt](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/math_opt)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [May 12, 2022, 11:20pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/does-bileveljump-linearize-terms-if-possible-after-reformulation/80981 "2022-05-12T23:20:20Z")

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How does BilevelJuMP.jl deal with non-linear terms in the complementarity conditions arising from the product of dual variables and the upper-level variables, especially when the upper-level variables are binary? For ex…

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## [Parameter structures and restrictions](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/parameter-structures-and-restrictions/80892)

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**Author:** [@Joao\_Barata](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Joao_Barata)\
**Replies:** 13\
**Last updated:** [May 12, 2022, 3:48pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/parameter-structures-and-restrictions/80892 "2022-05-12T15:48:21Z")

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Hi, I’m using a parameter structure for use in an economic model in Julia. I’d like to know what are the best practices here, including the best way to include restrictions when generating and modifying a parameter stru…

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## [Convex.jl and Icnn](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/convex-jl-and-icnn/80942)

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**Author:** [@bienpierre](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/bienpierre)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [May 12, 2022, 1:59pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/convex-jl-and-icnn/80942 "2022-05-12T13:59:14Z")

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Dear all, I would like to implement an Input Convex Neural Networks ICNN with the awesome convex.jl tool. The purpose to minimize a cost function. However, in order to get convexity with Icnn, weighting matrices are non…

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## [How to modify JuMP model in-place to improve performance?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-modify-jump-model-in-place-to-improve-performance/80563)

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**Author:** [@Jian\_ZUO](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Jian_ZUO)\
**Replies:** 14\
**Last updated:** [May 12, 2022, 1:28pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-modify-jump-model-in-place-to-improve-performance/80563 "2022-05-12T13:28:47Z")

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Hi all, I have a problem with improving the optimization speed of the JuMP model. My optimization problem is defined as follows: Below are some constants and assistant functions: using Distributions, LinearAlgebra us…

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## [Gadfly - subplot\_grid is not readjusting the x axis width for free\_x\_axis = true, if xlabels are different in subplots](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gadfly-subplot-grid-is-not-readjusting-the-x-axis-width-for-free-x-axis-true-if-xlabels-are-different-in-subplots/80950)

<div class="topic-metadata">

**Author:** [@rkmalaiya](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/rkmalaiya)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [May 12, 2022, 11:03am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/gadfly-subplot-grid-is-not-readjusting-the-x-axis-width-for-free-x-axis-true-if-xlabels-are-different-in-subplots/80950 "2022-05-12T11:03:04Z")

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Hello, This issue is related to using subplot\_grid in Gadfly. The issue is, given the xlabels in the two subplots are different due to my data points, even when I do free\_x\_axis = true, the plot retains the locations of…

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## [Makie aspect ratio 3D plot](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-aspect-ratio-3d-plot/57705)

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**Author:** [@lazarusA](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/lazarusA)\
**Replies:** 8\
**Last updated:** [May 12, 2022, 5:34am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-aspect-ratio-3d-plot/57705 "2022-05-12T05:34:01Z")

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When plotting into an LScene and by using an Axis, the output figure is always rescaled into the data limits, making sometimes hard to see things, if one of the variables is too large or to low. MWE using GLMakie fig =…

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