# Specific Domains

**URL:** https://discourse.julialang.org/c/domain/10.md?no_subcategories=false&page=214

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**Page:** 215

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## [A hacky guide to using automatic differentiation in nested optimization problems](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/a-hacky-guide-to-using-automatic-differentiation-in-nested-optimization-problems/39123)

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**Author:** [@jeffreyesun](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jeffreyesun)\
**Replies:** 25\
**Last updated:** [February 17, 2023, 3:32pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/a-hacky-guide-to-using-automatic-differentiation-in-nested-optimization-problems/39123 "2023-02-17T15:32:11Z")

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Unconstrained Optimization Automatic differentiation is amazing. But models in my field, economics, often include nested optimization problems. A simple example might look like this, where x is a vector or scalar. y = …

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## [Graph.jl : How to interpret the output information returned by the shortest path algorithms?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/graph-jl-how-to-interpret-the-output-information-returned-by-the-shortest-path-algorithms/94752)

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**Author:** [@F\_A](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/F_A)\
**Replies:** 10\
**Last updated:** [February 17, 2023, 11:13am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/graph-jl-how-to-interpret-the-output-information-returned-by-the-shortest-path-algorithms/94752 "2023-02-17T11:13:23Z")

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Hi there, I’d like to use Graph.jl package to run a shortest path algorithm. I have already read this page and am still not sure how to interpret the return traversal information of shortest path algorithm. Let’s assu…

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## [ScatteredInterpolation - basic example from docs not working](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/scatteredinterpolation-basic-example-from-docs-not-working/94726)

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**Author:** [@wave\_and\_matter](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/wave_and_matter)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [February 17, 2023, 8:32am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/scatteredinterpolation-basic-example-from-docs-not-working/94726 "2023-02-17T08:32:08Z")

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I have tried to use the ScatteredInterpolation package. When i duplicate the first simple example from the documentation Home · ScatteredInterpolation.jl using ScatteredInterpolation samples = \[0.0; 0.5; 0.5; 0.5; 1.0\]…

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## [Display IMAP server message when writing a command to it](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/display-imap-server-message-when-writing-a-command-to-it/56291)

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**Author:** [@Chen](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Chen)\
**Replies:** 14\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 8:02am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/display-imap-server-message-when-writing-a-command-to-it/56291 "2023-02-16T08:02:20Z")

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I’m trying to hack out some codes to fetch emails from IMAP server. I’m able to connect to an IMAP server and send a message to the server I changed the user name and the password in the code below, because I do not wa…

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## [Why is 'trace' slow on CUDA matrices?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/why-is-trace-slow-on-cuda-matrices/94723)

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**Author:** [@HenriDeh](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/HenriDeh)\
**Replies:** 4\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 4:05pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/why-is-trace-slow-on-cuda-matrices/94723 "2023-02-16T16:05:09Z")

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Hello, I am kind of surprised to see this benchmark: julia\> using BenchmarkTools, CUDA, LinearAlgebra julia\> A = rand(128, 128); julia\> Ad = cu(A); julia\> @btime tr($A) 70.092 ns (0 allocations: 0 bytes) 64.994448…

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## [Theming coloured boxplots in Makie](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/theming-coloured-boxplots-in-makie/94552)

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**Author:** [@jewh](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jewh)\
**Replies:** 8\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 2:27pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/theming-coloured-boxplots-in-makie/94552 "2023-02-16T14:27:49Z")

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Can someone explain to me how to theme a Makie boxplot such that I can colour boxes by specific conditions or ‘groups’, and also control the colour palette for this via a custom theme? I can alter colour palette via the…

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## [Alpine+JuMP for nonlinear integer programming problem with user-defined objective function](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/alpine-jump-for-nonlinear-integer-programming-problem-with-user-defined-objective-function/94693)

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**Author:** [@PrimulaBunce](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/PrimulaBunce)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 9:15am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/alpine-jump-for-nonlinear-integer-programming-problem-with-user-defined-objective-function/94693 "2023-02-16T09:15:04Z")

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Hi, I am trying to use Alpine to solve an integer programming problem with a user-defined nonlinear objective function. When I run JuMP.optimize!(m) I get the following error. ERROR: type Symbol has no field head Stac…

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## [Makie text with variable styling](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-text-with-variable-styling/81666)

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**Author:** [@kevbonham](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/kevbonham)\
**Replies:** 13\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 6:54am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-text-with-variable-styling/81666 "2023-02-16T06:54:59Z")

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I’m often plotting things where I need the labels to have some styling. Particularly species names that need to be in italics, eg a y-label that’s something like “Relative abundance of E. coli” There are easy ways to s…

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## [Library loading failure when using Ipopt through JuMP](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/library-loading-failure-when-using-ipopt-through-jump/94695)

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**Author:** [@zornsllama](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/zornsllama)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 4:51am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/library-loading-failure-when-using-ipopt-through-jump/94695 "2023-02-16T04:51:12Z")

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Hi, Until today, I was having no issues using Ipopt through JuMP. Today, however, when I run optimize!(model), I get the following error: Exception of type: DYNAMIC\_LIBRARY\_FAILURE in file "Common/IpLibraryLoader.cpp" …

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## [Mosek does not support an objective function of type ScalarQuadraticFunction](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/mosek-does-not-support-an-objective-function-of-type-scalarquadraticfunction/94702)

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**Author:** [@A\_M](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/A_M)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 4:46am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/mosek-does-not-support-an-objective-function-of-type-scalarquadraticfunction/94702 "2023-02-16T04:46:58Z")

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I am getting this error when I use a quadratic term in the objective while using Mosek. The solver does not support an objective function of type MathOptInterface.ScalarQuadraticFunction{Float64}. Is this something tha…

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## [How to create agents with rigid shape](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-create-agents-with-rigid-shape/94666)

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**Author:** [@John\_Thomas](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/John_Thomas)\
**Replies:** 7\
**Last updated:** [February 16, 2023, 2:25am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-create-agents-with-rigid-shape/94666 "2023-02-16T02:25:07Z")

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Hello, recently I try to simulate the random walk movement of human cells. I need to make agents(cells) with certain radius and they have to move randomly. I want the cells to not overlap in their respective radii as t…

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## [Start GLMakie visualization in previous position with previous size](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/start-glmakie-visualization-in-previous-position-with-previous-size/94132)

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**Author:** [@filchristou](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/filchristou)\
**Replies:** 12\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 6:20pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/start-glmakie-visualization-in-previous-position-with-previous-size/94132 "2023-02-15T18:20:32Z")

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Is there a way to control where will GLMakie position the freshly invoked visualization in my system ? Currently I am running Debian 11 and whenever I invoke GLMakie the visualization appears behind the current REPL ter…

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## [DICOM series: Reading, Manipulation and Visualization](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/dicom-series-reading-manipulation-and-visualization/93851)

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**Author:** [@AvinashKotla](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/AvinashKotla)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 4:41pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/dicom-series-reading-manipulation-and-visualization/93851 "2023-02-15T16:41:16Z")

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I have a DICOM image series generated from Micro CT scanning. How does one read the series, store the intensity values in a 3D matrix so that data manipulation is possible? var = dcmdir\_parse(“/path/to/dicom/folder/”); …

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## [Flux benchmark being too slow vs Jax](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/flux-benchmark-being-too-slow-vs-jax/91608)

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**Author:** [@krestomantsi](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/krestomantsi)\
**Replies:** 11\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 4:18pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/flux-benchmark-being-too-slow-vs-jax/91608 "2023-02-15T16:18:14Z")

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Hello everyone. I wanted to benchmark Flux vs Jax so I created this basic example. The tldr is that the Flux version (posted below) takes about 40-50 seconds on an nvidia A6000 (compilation excluded). The exact same arch…

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## [Flux with AMD GPU(s)?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/flux-with-amd-gpu-s/85218)

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**Author:** [@johnbb](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/johnbb)\
**Replies:** 34\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 1:09pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/flux-with-amd-gpu-s/85218 "2023-02-15T13:09:03Z")

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Has anyone used Flux with an AMD GPU? I will be involved in a project that likely will be using the LUMI supercomputer in Finland which is based on AMD.

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## [Error with ForwardDiff in Turing](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/error-with-forwarddiff-in-turing/88633)

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**Author:** [@astro-kevin](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/astro-kevin)\
**Replies:** 30\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 12:19pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/error-with-forwarddiff-in-turing/88633 "2023-02-15T12:19:34Z")

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When running the sample method from Turing, I run into this error MethodError: no method matching Float64(::ForwardDiff.Dual{ForwardDiff.Tag{Turing.TuringTag, Float64}, Float64, 9}) Closest candidates are: (::Type{T}…

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## [GLMakie: Change attributes in existing Screen objects](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/glmakie-change-attributes-in-existing-screen-objects/94636)

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**Author:** [@ellocco](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/ellocco)\
**Replies:** 5\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 10:48am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/glmakie-change-attributes-in-existing-screen-objects/94636 "2023-02-15T10:48:35Z")

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I would like to change line attributes inside an already displayed GLMakie screen object. Below a simple example, unfortunately only the edge of the button changes. Are there any ideas. The purpose is: I would like to…

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## [Makie: how to improve plotting performance with thousands of 3D objects](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-how-to-improve-plotting-performance-with-thousands-of-3d-objects/85863)

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**Author:** [@peremato](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/peremato)\
**Replies:** 7\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 8:58am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-how-to-improve-plotting-performance-with-thousands-of-3d-objects/85863 "2023-02-15T08:58:15Z")

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I need to plot several thousands of quite simple 3D objects (boxes, cylinders, …) and for this I do create a mesh for each one implementing GeometryBasics.coordinates(...) and GeometryBasics.faces(...). Then I plot them …

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## [CUDA.jl CUDA error 803](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cuda-jl-cuda-error-803/94631)

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**Author:** [@Kieran\_Marray](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Kieran_Marray)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 8:50am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cuda-jl-cuda-error-803/94631 "2023-02-15T08:50:13Z")

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Hi Have been trying to install CUDA.jl for the first time on Ubuntu 22.04 with a NVIDIA Quadro 400 GPU. I downloaded the correct drivers from nvidia (the 525 drivers), and julia from the main julia page as opposed to sn…

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## [CUDA errors 203 and 103, CUDA.rand() and CUDA.versioninfo()](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cuda-errors-203-and-103-cuda-rand-and-cuda-versioninfo/94595)

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**Author:** [@David\_A](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/David_A)\
**Replies:** 6\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 7:09am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/cuda-errors-203-and-103-cuda-rand-and-cuda-versioninfo/94595 "2023-02-15T07:09:02Z")

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I get the below error when attempting to use CUDa.rand() julia\> using CUDA julia\> CUDA.rand() ERROR: CURANDError: initialization of CUDA failed (code 203, CURAND\_STATUS\_INITIALIZATION\_FAILED) Stacktrace: \[1\] throw\_…

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## [Broadcast over CuArray error](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/broadcast-over-cuarray-error/94654)

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**Author:** [@jinfreedom](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/jinfreedom)\
**Replies:** 3\
**Last updated:** [February 15, 2023, 1:05am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/broadcast-over-cuarray-error/94654 "2023-02-15T01:05:40Z")

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Hi, I would like to define the following parametric function type struct myParamFun fun::Function param end (pf::myParamFun)(x...)=pf.fun(x...,pf.param) which works fine. However, when broadcasting over C…

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## [Makie | How to set position of displayed image on the screen?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-how-to-set-position-of-displayed-image-on-the-screen/94585)

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**Author:** [@Audrius-St](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Audrius-St)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 8:46pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/makie-how-to-set-position-of-displayed-image-on-the-screen/94585 "2023-02-14T20:46:05Z")

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f = Figure(resolution = (1000,700)) specifies the size of the displayed image on the screen in pixel coordinates, but how does one set the position of the displayed image on the screen again in pixel coordinates. It’s…

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## [InteractiveDynamics: Unknown agent position type in Forest Fire and Game of Life](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/interactivedynamics-unknown-agent-position-type-in-forest-fire-and-game-of-life/94481)

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**Author:** [@Jfschue](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Jfschue)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 8:32pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/interactivedynamics-unknown-agent-position-type-in-forest-fire-and-game-of-life/94481 "2023-02-14T20:32:34Z")

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Hey folks, I am having an issue with one of my models that seems to work fine using just Agents.jl functionality (e.g., run!(), etc.), but fails when trying any of the animation or interactive functionality from Interact…

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## [How to get a Models optimiser factory](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-get-a-models-optimiser-factory/94618)

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**Author:** [@this\_josh](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/this_josh)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 7:52pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/how-to-get-a-models-optimiser-factory/94618 "2023-02-14T19:52:44Z")

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How can I get a models optimiser factory? I’d like to be able to do: using JuMP, HiGHS m1 = Model(HiGHS.Optimizer) m2 = Model(optimizer\_factory(m1)) Although I’m not sure if I’m coming at this the wrong way. Here I’d l…

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## [LIBSVM.jl with imbalanced dataset](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/libsvm-jl-with-imbalanced-dataset/94635)

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**Author:** [@juliohm](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/juliohm)\
**Replies:** 0\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 4:36pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/libsvm-jl-with-imbalanced-dataset/94635 "2023-02-14T16:36:47Z")

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I am trying to use LIBSVM.jl with an imbalanced dataset. Providing weights for each class doesn’t seem to affect the result: using CSV using DataFrames using LIBSVM df = CSV.read("svm.csv", DataFrame) X = \[df.x1 df.x…

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## [Empirical distribution type for continuous variables](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/empirical-distribution-type-for-continuous-variables/5676)

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**Author:** [@juliohm](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/juliohm)\
**Replies:** 18\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 2:48pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/empirical-distribution-type-for-continuous-variables/5676 "2023-02-14T14:48:24Z")

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Is there a functionality somewhere in StatsBase.jl or Distributions.jl for computing statistics from an empirical distribution type? Specifically, suppose I have samples in the real line, and that I want to compute the q…

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## [Modelling problem with JuMP](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/modelling-problem-with-jump/94520)

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**Author:** [@Karajan](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Karajan)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 2:47pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/modelling-problem-with-jump/94520 "2023-02-14T14:47:12Z")

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Hi there! I have the following problem: I have n \>= 8 people who are supposed to do a “shift” (this is not for a job but for a hobby. I would hope HR people know how to properly do this :grin:). There is one shift each …

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## [Probability queries for simple model](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/probability-queries-for-simple-model/93661)

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**Author:** [@goretkin](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/goretkin)\
**Replies:** 5\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 1:35pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/probability-queries-for-simple-model/93661 "2023-02-14T13:35:38Z")

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I’d like both of the queries below to return 0.5. using Turing @model function foo(w) w ~ Categorical(\[0.5, 0.5\]) x = w + 1 end model = foo(missing) println(prob"w = 2 | model = model") println(prob"x = 3 | m…

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## [Uplift model similar to PyLift or R's Lift Package?](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/uplift-model-similar-to-pylift-or-rs-lift-package/94268)

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**Author:** [@Billpete002](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/Billpete002)\
**Replies:** 1\
**Last updated:** [February 14, 2023, 4:36am UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/uplift-model-similar-to-pylift-or-rs-lift-package/94268 "2023-02-14T04:36:53Z")

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Hi, I am looking for a package that works similarly to PyLift or R’s lift package. The idea is that I have two models: Self-service and the other is Sales-Assisted. I used Catboost.jl and examined manually that leads go…

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## [New to Julia and Formatting StructArrays for GPU use with mutable scalars](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/new-to-julia-and-formatting-structarrays-for-gpu-use-with-mutable-scalars/94243)

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**Author:** [@David\_A](https://discourse.julialang.org/u/David_A)\
**Replies:** 2\
**Last updated:** [February 13, 2023, 11:30pm UTC](https://discourse.julialang.org/t/new-to-julia-and-formatting-structarrays-for-gpu-use-with-mutable-scalars/94243 "2023-02-13T23:30:46Z")

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First, I apologize if the long rambling post is not in keeping with expectations here and would like to preemptively thank anyone with the patience to read part or all of this and provide any feedback/guidance. Backgrou…

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